Clare Island Survey — General Introduction and Narrative. 1 7 



Algae), Pastor Carl Lindner and the late E. J. Ussher (Birds), W. J. Lyons 

 (Meteorology), E. Welch (Photography), and E. LI. Praeger. Much collecting 

 and observing were done. Mr. Kane left on June 20 for a fortnight's 

 collecting round Louisburgh and Belclare, and Mr. Ussher and Herr Lindner 

 on the same day sailed to Belclare to join N. H. Foster, who had arrived 

 there three days previously, in studying the breeding birds of the Clew Bay 

 islands and Belclare district. The majority of the rest of the party returned 

 from the island at the end of a week, A. D. Cotton remaining there until 

 June 24, when he proceeded to Louisburgh for a week's work in company 

 with J. Adams, who had arrived there on the 22nd. Indeed, during June 

 our workers pervaded the whole district. 



In July also much work was done, especially in the domain of entomology. 

 J. N. Halbert went to Louisburgh on July 1 for a fortnight's insect-collect- 

 ing. He was joined on the 12th by Claude Morley, who worked there at 

 Hymenoptera until the 20th, when he crossed to the island in order to join 

 Percy E. Grimshaw (Diptera), N. Colgan (Marine Mollusca), Miss Stephens 

 (Sponges), Miss Knowles (Lichens, &c), Eev. Canon Lett (Mosses and 

 Hepatics), F. J. Lewis (Peat deposits), and E. LI. Praeger. At the close of 

 a busy week the party broke up. P. E. Grimshaw collected at Achill, 

 Mulranny, and "Westport for some days longer, and K. Colgan examined 

 the Mulranny shores. Miss Stephens and Miss Knowles worked southwards 

 into Connemara. During this month also Prof. C. J. Patten spent a fortnight 

 investigating the local birds. 



On August 15, in very tempestuous weather, a small party took the 

 field: — T. J. Westropp (Archaeology), N. Colgan (Marine Mollusca), W. J. 

 Lyons (Meteorology), and E. LI. Praeger. It was two days before they 

 succeeded in crossing to the island, but the time was not wasted. Achillbeg 

 and the coast east and west of it were explored, some interesting and hitherto 

 unknown cliff-forts and kitchen-middens being discovered. The Fisheries 

 steamer "Helga" arrived at the island on the 16th, with G. P. Farran, 

 L. E. Smith, and E. Southern on board, and, joined by Colgan and Praeger, 

 several days' dredging and trawling were accomplished, in spite of loss of 

 gear owing to rough weather. 



Meanwhile W. A. Wattam arrived from Huddersfield on August 20, and 

 in a fortnight's work made large collections of Lichens, with Achill Sound 

 and Dugort as headquarters. Eev. W. F. Johnson and Mrs. Johnson paid a 

 second visit to the district in September, collecting insects on the island for 

 a fortnight, and at Achill Sound for a week. Eev. Canon Lett also revisited 

 Achill Sound, and finished his collecting there. Prof. Patten revisited the 

 island from September 9 to 29, and studied the autumnal migration of birds. 



