H 



H 



C 



1 



= C 



1 



c 



= c 



H 



H 



Cldnoline. 



H H 



C C 



//\ /w 



HC C CH 



1 II 1 



HC C CH 



w/ \// 



1^ C 

 H 



Bell — On a Series of Bases det' iced from Pyrrol. 35 



Accorclingly, Baeyer and Emmeiiing' have proposed for it the consti- 

 tutional formula 



K'H, which is more in accordance with its chemical cha- 

 racters. 



Similar formulae have been ascribed to pyiidine and chinoline, in 

 which the affinities of the nitrogen are supposed to be saturated by two 

 carbon atoms, connected with each other thi'ough the intervention of 

 ■other carbon atoms. 



Pyridine. 



c 



/W 



HC CH 



II I 

 HC CH 



\// 



IS" 



The experiments which I have to describe, while they confirm the 

 view that pyrrol is not a primary amine, lend considerable support 

 to the ideas of Baeyer and EmmerHng regarding its constitution. 



Experience having shown that an unstable body frequently 

 acquires stability by the substitution of acid or alcoholic radicles for 

 its displaceable hydrogen, my first efforts have been directed towards 

 obtaining derivatives of pyrrol. Two experiments have already been 

 made in this direction : one by Lubawin/ who made the interesting- 

 observation that potassium is capable of removing one atom of hydro- 

 gen in pyrrol, and that the potassium-pyrrol, CVH^KiS' so formed, 

 when treated with ethyl iodide, furnishes potassium iodide, and a liquid 

 the analysis of which corresponds approximately to the formula of an 

 ethyl-pyrrol C4Hi(C3H5) jN". This he describes as a liquid possessing 

 a turpentine-like oclour, which boils between 155° and 175° C. (!), and 

 rapidly turns red on contact with air. He considers it probable that 

 in these bodies the potassium, and consequently the ethyl, are substi- 

 tuted for an atom of hydrogen in the hydrocarbon nucleus which 

 may be assumed to exist in pyrrol regarded as an imide base 

 (C4H4)" NH. 



Kottnitz,' on the other hand, by the dry distillation of the mucatc 



3 " Chemisclies Centralblatt," 1870, p. 437. 



4 " Zeitschrift fur Chemie," [2] v. 399. 



•5 " Journal fiii- Prakt. Chemie," [2] vi. 136-156. 



2b 



