420 Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy. 



times in thirty-nine subjects, whose bodies were carefully examined for 

 it : three were inserted into the capsule — one into the lesser tubero- 

 sity of the humerus. Professor Krause also mentions among the varie- 

 ties of the sub-scapularis a bundle of fibres arising from the lesser 

 tuberosity or its immediate vicinity, and going to be inserted into the 

 capsule of the joint. It is present, according to him, in about 0*4 per 

 cent, of the cases examined, and has received the name of 



Capsidaris humero-scapularis. — I have never succeeded in finding it. 



Gleno-lrachialis (Gruber), arises with the long head of the biceps 

 from the tuberculum supra-glenoidale, pierces with it the shoulder 

 capsule, and is inserted into the humerus. I have once met with it; 

 the insertion was into the inner edge of the bicipital groove about 

 three-quarters of an inch below the lesser tuberosity. 



Coraco-lracliialis. — The anomalies of this muscle are numerous, 

 and I have met with examples of nearly all those which have been 

 hitherto described, but regret to say that I have kept no record of 

 their relative frequency in my cases. Three conspicuous forms of this 

 muscle have been described by "Wood : Irevis, medius, and longus. 



Coraco-hrachialis Irevis. — In its more typical form this muscle arises 

 from the apex of the coracoid process, beneath the ordinary coraco- 

 brachialis, and is inserted into the surgical neck of the humerus below 

 the lesser tuberosity. It has been found by Macalister inserted into 

 the tendon of the subscapularis, and sometimes into the capsule of 

 the shoulder- joint {coraco-ca^jsidaris) ; he has also found its fibres blend- 

 ing with those of the subscapularis muscle. Under the head of sub- 

 varieties of this anomaly must be classed the following : — 



Depressor tendinis suhscapula/ris majoris, vel retinaculum musculare 

 tendinis subscapularis majoris (Grruber) ; tensor capsulae humeralis ; 

 deltoidius profundus^ which arises from the lower border of the tendon 

 of the subscapularis, and is inserted into the surgical neck of the 

 humerus; and 



Tensor fasciae et cutis foveae axillaris, which is merely formed by 

 a detached slip of the other inserted into the skin and fasciae of the 

 axilla. I have found examples of all these abnormalities excepting the 

 last mentioned. 



Coraco-lrachialis medius. — This I have several times found as a 

 distinct muscle. In all it was pierced by the musculo-cutaneous 

 nerve. In two instances I have seen a muscular slip detached from 

 this muscle to join the inner head of the triceps, and crossing in front' 

 of the brachial artery. 



Coraco-lracliialis longus. — This muscle I have found completely 

 separate in only two instances. In both cases the insertion was into 

 the internal brachial ligament about an inch above the epicondyle. In 

 its downward course the muscle crossed over the brachial artery and 

 median nerve. 



Biceps hrachii. — As the result of very careful examination in the 

 human subject, and comparison of the arrangement of its fibres with 

 the analogous muscle in the lower animals, Professor W. Krause has con- 



