42 Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy 



the galleries of this section we found worn sandstone cobbles in the sand- 

 beds. On passing through the portal and crossing transversely two low galleries 

 filled up in our working (18-19) we came to two consisting of trenches in a 

 bed of rock over which a low hall (19) extends westwards. These four 

 galleries were called the Quadruple Set. A breach in the wall of the trenches 

 between the third and fourth of these was filled with rubble, and in this was 

 a radius of adult Mammoth coated with hardened mud. This fourth gallery 

 leads into the Threatening Gallery where the thick upper stalgamite holds 

 on by one side only, supporting blocks of limestoue. This gallery, rich in 

 bones, had been inhabited by Hysen is, of which the most perfect skull that 

 we found was only 8 inches below the surface of the sand. These animals 

 appear to have made the Mammoth their prey especially in the very young 

 state, from the remains we found here ; and the presence of bones of Reindeer 

 packed into this passage, and similar places, indicated that it co-existed with 

 the Hysena, l; -mains of l'.ear were among the deepest that we found. A few 

 worn pieces of sandstone occurred in the Threatening Gallery along with the 

 limestone pieces. It terminates in a cul-de-sac, but close to this are openings 

 right and left. That on the east communicates with the Aged Carnivores 

 Gallery which here ends in an avalanche of stone. The orifice on the west side 

 opens into a short piece of gallery called Dalton Gallery, where the globular 

 head of a Mammoth's femur had been left and was found loose on the surface 

 coated with mud. Entering Dalton Gallery by a sloping water-worn orifice 

 we pass on out of it by a corresponding one, both these openings being con- 

 siderably above the bottoms of the galleries. Below the level of these side 

 openings in Dalton Gallery was a bed of pale sand 15 inches deep, with dark 

 sand uuder it. and a paler sand still beneath these. Bones were found in 

 both these sands, most numerously in the pale one. Hy:ena remains were 

 abundant also, a spine of a Mammoth s vertebra, and ends of Reindeer's 

 bones, all less than 2 feet deep. Under this was a buried Btalagmite floor, 

 plainly that which had fallen from overhead. A broken skull of Bear was 

 1 foot below the surface, a piece of the broken stalagmite resting on it, and 

 we continued to find Bears' remains down to 3 feet deep. While excavating 

 it was remarked that both in this and the last gallery the remains of Hya?na 

 were usually near the surface, while bones of Bear were among the deepest. 

 Beyond Dalton Gallery we found a barren stony chamber, and we return 

 through the Threatening Gallery to the Low hall (now filled up). This 

 extends westwards over benches of rack that dip to the north. < >n this rooky 

 floor sand and bones had accumulated, and a thick stalagmite floor had formed. 

 We bo k bones of Reindeer out of this floor and beneath it. It is evident 

 that the gallery-structure had here disappeared, and that sand had been 



