9l8 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



fied sand, blue and yellow clay, and (2) cross-bedded delta deposits 

 composed of much coarser materials than those of the first class. 

 The clays are normally blue, but commonly show weathering 

 on the surface when they change to yellow. With the alternating 

 layers of sand, they form terraces that extend along either shore 

 of the river at altitudes ranging up to over 300 feet. The work- 

 able beds attain a thickness of 100 feet or more. Some of the more 

 prominent localities where these clays are utilized for brickmaking 

 are Haverstraw, Croton, Stony Point, Verplanck, Peekskill, Corn- 

 wall, New Windsor, Dutchess Junction, Fishkill, Roseton, Pough- 

 keepsie, Kingston, Saugerties, Catskill, Hudson and Albany. 

 The product of this region is confined to the common grades of 

 building brick. 



The northern and central portions of Long Island contain 

 Cretaceous clays, some of which are adapted for stoneware and 

 coarser pottery. Brick clays occur abundantly, and are worked 

 at Garden City, East Williston, Farmingdale, Port Jefferson, 

 Southold and Greenport. The manufacture of pottery is carried 

 on by several firms in Brooklyn, but most of the materials used 

 in the better wares are derived from without the State. 



The clays of Staten Island are important and of varied quality. 

 Some of the purer grades approach kaolin in composition and have 

 a white color. They have been employed largely in making terra 

 cotta. A plant for the manufacture of this material is located 

 at Tottenville. Fire brick and pressed brick are produced at 

 Kreischerville and common brick at Green Ridge. 



In the interior of the State clay deposits are quite uniformly 

 distributed, but their economic utilization is confined mostly 

 to the vicinity of the larger towns. They are nearly all of glacial 

 origin, though more or less modified by sedimentary processes. 

 They occur in basin-shaped beds that range up to 50 feet or more 

 in thickness. In the western counties the principal centers of clay 

 working are Rochester and Buffalo, both cities drawing their 

 supplies of building brick from local plants. The manufacture 

 of pottery, building tile, fire brick, sewer pipe and draintile is 

 also carried on here. Roofing tile of excellent quality is made at 

 Alfred, Allegany Co. The largest potteries in the State are located 

 at Syracuse; their products include earthenware, china and 

 electrical supplies. Besides common brick, for which an extensive 

 local market exists, the city is an important producer of paving 

 brick. 



