928 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



Oswego CO. The deposits vary from 6 inches to 3 feet in thickness 

 and are covered by a few inches of soil. After sieving and washing 

 the sand is ready for market. It is consumed in the manufacture 

 of window glass, and common glassware, and nearly all of the 

 product goes to points within the State, principally to Rochester, 

 Ithaca, Lockport, Black Rock, Syracuse and Clyde. An analysis 

 of the sand from West Vienna furnished by B. Delahunt, manager 

 of the Oneida Lake Sand Mine, shows its composition to be as 

 follows: SiO^, 98.6%; Fe^Oa, .23%;' AlA, .17%; MgO, trace. 



There were only three producers that reported an output in 1 904 : 

 F. L. Marsden & Co., Bernhard's Bay; J. L. Bentley, Fish Creek; 

 and the Oneida Lake Sand Mine, Cleveland, The total shown by 

 their reports was 11,080 short tons, valued at $8484. According 

 to statistics collected by Prof. C. H. Smyth jr, the output in 1902 

 was approximately 8700 tons. 



Molding sand of excellent quality is supplied from the Hudson 

 river valley. In Albany county, at Delmar and Selkirk, there 

 are large deposits which yield the finest grade of sand for the manu- 

 facture of stove and other castings that require a smooth finish. 

 In a recent paper by F. J. H. MerrilP, it is stated that Albany sand 

 is considered so superior for fine work that shipments are made to 

 distant points at an expense of nearly $3 a ton for freight. De- 

 posits are also worked near Coxsackie station in Columbia county and 

 near Camelot and Mew Hamburg in Dutchess county. The molding 

 sand forms a stratum from 10 inches to 3 feet thick underlying the 

 surface soil. The owner of the land receives on the average about 

 $2.50 an acre as royalty for removing the deposit. It is said that 

 after an interval of years a second stratum of molding sand may be 

 taken from land that has previously been worked. 



A refractory sand known as fire sand is used in foundries for 

 making cores. This material is supplied to some extent from the 

 Oneida lake deposits. The output r^orted in 1904 was 4000 tons, 

 valued at $1200. 



GRAPHITE 



Graphite is widely distributed through the metamorphic rocks 

 of the Adirondacks, but so far active mining operations have been 

 confined to a few localities. The most productive region is in the 

 vicinity of Lake George, in Warren and Washington counties. 

 Deposits of crystalline graphite have been exploited here for a long 

 time and they continue to yield the greater part of the high grade 

 material produced in this coimtry. 



'Eng. & Min. Jour., Sep. i, 1904. p. 341- 



