64 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



A half mile farther south he found another cicada, and shortly 

 thereafter got into the scrub oak region where the insects were very 

 common. He did not consider them abundant, though collecting 

 was easy and males could be heard in one direction or another 

 nearly all the time. This colony extends to the improved part of the 

 village of Brentwood. The colony at Cold Spring Harbor occurs 

 on the Alton and Miami stony loam. It appears to have very 

 definite boundaries, which do not coincide with anything in 

 plants, soil or physiography so far as could be determined. Respect- 

 ing the occurrence of this brood on Staten Island, Mr William 

 T. Davis states that in April he received a pupa found under a 

 stone by a friend. Later in the season, namely on June 10, he heard 

 a periodical cicada call in a tree at Richmond valley; it did not 

 sing long and consequently he was unable to capture it. Seventeen 

 years ago a pupa skin of this brood was recorded from Staten Island. 



This brood, as far as we can ascertain, does not occur on Long 

 Island east of Eastport. There were no signs of its presence at 

 Westhampton, and Mr F. A. Sirrine of Riverhead and J. W. Hand 

 of Easthampton both reported no evidences of this insect in either 

 locality. Furthermore, the cicada could hardly have been abundant 

 on the eastern end of the island or some notice of its presence would 

 have appeared in local papers. 



It may be interesting, in this connection, to give some recent 

 notes on brood 12, the largest occurring in New York State. It 

 was exceedingly abundant at Annandale in 1896, and in examining 

 an orchard October 9, 1906, several apple limbs were observed 

 which showed plainly the scars made by this insect a decade ago. 

 Many of them were nearly healed over, just an irregular crevice 

 being the only external indication of the injury, while in a 

 few instances the wound had been so severe that healing was not 

 prompt, and as a result there is at the present time a considerable 

 area of decayed wood with the oviposition scars in the center. The 

 tissues growing around these wounded dead areas have enlarged the 

 diameter of the branch considerably in one direction, and in not a 

 few cases the limbs break off at these points of greatest injury. 

 Mr H. D. Lewis, proprietor of the orchard states that the cicadas 

 are so abundant in that section as to kill five year old trees and as 

 a consequence he does not dare to set out young trees for some 

 years previous to the time when a brood is due. He found during 

 the previous appearance that rolling and harrowing the ground 

 when the insects were emerging, resulted in destroying thousands. 



