lO NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



River is quite generally seip or sipu; in Delaware, sipo. Thus 

 from Missi, great, and sipu, we have the Mississippi or great river. 

 Near the Atlantic, -ink, han, hanne and hiian are frequent parts of 

 river names, none of these being used independently. Tuk or ittuk 

 is a river whose waters are driven in waves, whether by tides or 

 winds. With these may be used poh-ki or pahke, pure or clear, 

 and qidnni, long, as in Ouinnituckut or Connecticut. 



Paiitnck is a fall, often applied to a river, while acazume usually 

 denotes the other side of a body of water. Many other words are 

 compounded with tuk or ittuk. Hanne or huan, for river, occurs 

 ill New York, but is more frequent in Pennsylvania and Virginia. 



A ippi, for lake or water, is more com|mon farther west. Paug, 

 pog or hog, water at rest, often enters into the names of small 

 ponds of varied character, and is quite frequent in New England, 

 Garni and gumee are more common westward, indicating lakes, but 

 one form of this appears in northern New York. Amaug enters 

 largely into names of fishing places, and qussuk, stone, in its many 

 varieties, is often applied to creeks and rocky places. Wadchu or 

 adchn, a mountain or hill, is sometimes included in New York 

 names. Its most conspicuous use is in the great hill country of 

 Massachusetts. Kouiuk, an inclosed place, is found on Long 

 Island, mostly in combination. 



Munnohan or miinno, for island, is frequent and with striking 

 variations, some 'of them mentioned by Mr Trumbull later. 

 Another word for island is aqiicdne, usually with note of location. 

 Exact location is shown by the particles, et, it or ut; indefinite by 

 set. Many words are derived from naiag, a corner, point or angle. 

 Hocquan, a hook, originates some, and others are from sank, 

 pouring out, or an outlet. Saco and Saginaw are among these. 

 Nashaue, midway or between, is most frequent in New England. 

 Mattapan, sitting down place, or the end of a portage, occurs in 

 New York. He gives other examples, which need not be men- 

 tioned now, and closes with some useful hints. The terminal loca- 

 tive, he says, means in, at or on, but not land or place, nor can 

 animate nouns take this afhx. Differences of languages and dia- 

 lects must not be disregarded, for names and parts of names might 

 vary in meaning among different people, while quite alike in form 

 and sound. 



