ABORIGINAL PLACE NAMES OF NEW YORK I43 



De-o'-nake-hus'-sink, never clean, is Christian hollow. 



De-o'-sa-da-ya'-ah, deep basin spring. He said this meant " the 

 Iroquois in their journeys upon the great thoroughfare." A jour- 

 nal of Colonel Gansevoort's party in 1779 speaks of it as the 

 " Sunken spring in the road." It is also mentioned in the land 

 treaties of 1788 and 1795, but in no others, By a natural cliange 

 of the initial letter J. V. H. Clark made this Te-ungh-sat-a-yagh, 

 interpreting it by the fort at the spring, and adding : " Near this 

 spring was anciently the easternmost setlement of the Onondagas. 

 They had at this place an earthen fort, surrounded with palisades. 

 There were always stationed at this place a party of warriors, to 

 hold the eastern door of the nation/' Neither in history, in the 

 name or on the spot is there any evidence o'f this. The first 

 definition is substantially correct. 



De-o'-wy-un'-do, ivindmill, is from an early windmill on Pompey 

 hill. 



Ga-ah'-na rising to the surface and then sinking, is connected 

 with an unrecorded tale of a drowning man in Otisco lake. A. 

 Cusick's definition harmonized with this,, being the last seen of any- 

 thing, but he did not know the allusion. 



Ga-che'-a-yo, lobster, is Limestone creek at Fayetteville, mean- 

 ing that fresh-water crayfish were abundant there. The Onondaga 

 name for this crustacean is o-ge-a-ah, meaning claws. 



Ga-do'-quat is an Oneida name for Brewerton, which A. Cusick 

 defined I got out of the water. It may allude to fording the river 

 or landing from the lake. In 1654 Father Le Moyne was carried 

 from a canoe to the shore on an Indian's back, lest he should get 

 wet. The place has many names, as might have been expected. 



Ga-na-wa'-ya, at the great sivamp. Assigned to the village of 

 Liverpool and its vicinity, but is properly Cicero swamp. 



Ga-nun-ta'-ah, material for council tire, a name for Onondaga 

 lake, but the definition may be doubted. A. Cusick defined it near 

 the village on a hill; that is, Onondaga. The Indians now call it 

 Oh-nen-ta-ha. The early French form was Ganentaa and Kaneenda 

 the English. 



Ga-sun'-to, bark in the zvater, is the name of Jamesville and of 

 Butternut creek a^- that place. Clark said of the creek : " Indian 

 name Ka-suongk-ta, formerly called by tlic whites, ' Kashunkta,' 



