42 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



24 miles east of Ontario. A furnace was in operation there as 

 early as 1824. It is no longer in operation, the last blast having 

 been made in 1869. The ore for the furnace was obtained in town- 

 ship 41, near Black creek, about 4 miles east from the furnace. The 

 overburden is said to consist of 20 feet of soil and rock, the ore 

 being 30 inches thick. The section is no longer accessible for meas- 

 urement. A small amount of ore was also obtained just below 

 the furnace along Wolcott creek. At present the ore shows a thick- 

 ness of 14 inches, but as it lies immediately beneath surface soil, it 

 undoubtedly represents but a part of the thickness of the original 

 ore bed. 



Fair Haven Iron Co. Ten miles northeast from Wolcott, the 

 Fair Haven Iron Co. has recently begun to take out ore by the open 

 cut method. The holdings of the company consist of 280 acres 

 located at Sterling Station, Cayuga co. The opening for the ore 

 is 400 yards southwest of the station and adjacent to the railroad 

 tracks. The operations are conducted on the opposite side of the 

 railroad from the old workings of the Furnaceville Iron Co. A 

 siding from the railroad leads directly to the workings. The equip- 

 ment of the company consists of one 60- ton Marion steam shovel, 

 one 15-ton locomotive crane, two derricks, one 30-h.p. boiler, etc. 



The company is at present engaged in excavating a trench along 

 the strike of the ore. No large amount of ore has been taken out, 

 but the company will begin shipping during the current year. 



Clinton. All the operations now carried on at Clinton for 

 the production of ore are by drifting. The open-cut method was 

 abandoned principally because of the increasing thickness of the 

 overburden. 



The mining operations at Clinton are at present carried on by the 

 Franklin Iron Manufacturing Co. and Mr C. A. Borst. The former 

 company operates what were formerly known as the Franklin and 

 Clinton mines. The operations of Mr Borst are carried on a short 

 distance farther north at the two beds known as the Elliott and the 

 Butler. 



At both of the mines at Clinton the long wall method of working 

 Is used. Briefly this plan consists of a main gangway with branches so 

 arranged that a space of 50 feet can be worked on each side of them. 

 In mining, the working face Is kept a short distance ahead of the 

 gangway. When a working face Is established the ore Is obtained 

 by drilling diagonally from the top of the bed. Upon blasting, the 

 front and lower portion of the ore Is thrown out. The ore is 



