THE MINING AND QUARRY INDUSTRY 111 



and Kerhonkson are the principal centers of the industry, while the 

 distributing points include New Paltz and Kingston in addition to 

 those named. The industry is carried on intermittently, many of 

 the producers engaging in other occupations during a part of the 

 year. 



The market for millstones has been curtailed of late years by the 

 introduction of rolls, ball mills and other improved forms of grind- 

 ing machinery. The roller mill process has displaced the old type 

 of cereal mills, particularly in grinding wheat. The small corn 

 mills distributed throughout the southern states, however, still use 

 millstones and furnish one of the important markets for the New 

 York quarries. A part of the product also is sold to cement and 

 talc manufacturers. ^ 



The production of millstones in 1905 amounted to a value of 

 ^22,g44. There were 19 firms engaged in the business. In the 

 previous year the output was valued at $21,476, reported by 18 

 firms. At one time the value of the product from this section 

 exceeded $100,000 annually. 



Bibliography 



Mather, W. W. Geology of New York: Report on First District. 1843. 



P-357. 

 Nason, F. L. Economic Geology of Ulster county. N. Y. State Geol. 13th 



An. Rep't. 1894. i:373- 



MINERAL PAINT 



The term mineral paint is here used to designate the natural min- 

 eral colors obtained by grinding an ore or rock. The materials 

 suitable for this purpose that are found in New York State include 

 iron ore, shale, slate and ocher. 



For metallic paint and mortar colors some form of iron ore, gen- 

 erally hematite or limonite, is commonly employed, but only a few 

 localities are known where the ore possesses the requisite qualities 

 of color and durability. The fossil hematite from the Clinton forma- 

 tion is perhaps most widely used in this country. The mines owned 

 by C. A. Borst at Clinton, Oneida co. and those of the Furnaceville 

 Iron Co. at Ontario, Wayne co. supply much of the crude material. 

 The red hematite mined by the Rossie Iron Ore Co. at Rossie, St 

 Lawrence co. also yields a good metallic paint. 



Mineral paint made from shale and slate is quite extensively used 

 for wooden structures. When there is a considerable percentage 

 of iron oxids present, the shale and slate may be sold for metallic 

 paint. Their value depends largely upon the depth and durability 



