169 



found only along the wet (often submerged) banks of streams or in river 

 swamps or sloughs. The local distribution has been carefully worked out 

 by Deam. 1 While not as large a tree as in the South Atlantic and Gulf 

 States the species as found in Indiana often reaches a height of 145 feet 

 and a diameter of six feet. The species may lie regarded as having entered 

 the State in the period of flooded streams, maintaining its foothold in situ- 

 ations unfavorable for the ordinary species of this latitude. The areas in 

 which the species occurs in the State are being rapidly reduced by agricul- 

 tural operations and its disappearance from the tree flora of the State 

 .-eems inevitable. 



The Pecan (Hicoria Pecan) nowhere wanders far from the lowlands 

 adjoining river courses. The species has been so largely cultivated in the 

 State both for ornament and fruit that its original locations in the State 

 are difficult to make out. Unquestionably its mass occurrence was in Knox. 

 (4ibson and Posey counties. Its occurrence in Vigo County, reported by 

 W. S. Blatchley. is unquestionable, but may be regarded as exceptional. A 

 record of its occurrence in Fountain County recorded in Indiana Geological 

 Report, 1882. Vol. 11. p. 122, is of doubtful validity and may safely be 

 disregarded. The remaining citation from Jefferson County (A. H. Young) 

 is based upon a single tree located in the river bottoms near Hanover. It 

 stood alone in a large bottom land, otherwise destitute of trees. It was 

 near a dwelling and for this reason and because of its small size, it is a 

 fair inference that it was a cultivated form. It is to my mind certain that 

 the pecan as a member of the Indiana tree flora is mainly confined to the 

 three southwestern counties, hut extending in greatly reduced numbers 

 northward as far as Vigo County. In any event, the northeastern limit of 

 the species is reached in these locations. The trees are smaller than those 

 of more southern and western localities and according to Deam. "only 

 about one-fourth of the native trees ever bear fruit and only about one out 

 of every ten trees is a profitable nut-bearing tree."- This southern and 

 western form probably entered our area at about the same time and under 

 the same physical conditions as the Raid cypress. 



The Over Cup Oak (Quercus lyrata Walt.) according to Sargent occurs 

 in •'river swamps and small deep depressions on rich bottom lands, usually 

 wet throughout the year." 5 This would explain the close restriction of the 



'Eleventh Annual Report. Indiana .State Board of Forestry, 1911. p. 108. 



: Deam:— Op. cit. p. 138. 



'Sargent. Manual of the Trees of North America, p. 269. 



