405 



encroaching streams from the west. Data from shallow wells, while re- 

 vealing interesting sub-surface particulars, are not sufficient to give the 

 shape of the pre-existing basins of the region. The deep wells, the wells 

 which reach bed-rock, are important in this respect. There are only a 

 few such wells ; enough, however, were found to reveal an intelligent idea 

 of the shape of the pre-existing basins, and the character of the material 

 tilling them. These things are of the utmost importance for working out 

 the history of the region, which was the chief reason of time and attention 

 being given to the area. 



The easternmost part of the region is very probably not filled to a 

 great depth. The sinks that abound indicate that bed-rock is near the sur- 

 face. Sections 4, 9 and 8 contain sinks ; these sections are at the eastern 

 margin, and it might be easily deduced that the bed-rock is near the sur- 

 face. 



Well Xo. 1. Out some distance in the basin, on the southern line of 

 Section 5, T. S N., R. 2 W., near the headwaters of McCormick's Greek, 

 is a well at Mr. Fife's which is twenty odd feet deep. This well furnishes 

 a copious supply of water which comes from sand underlying a shallow 

 surface stratum of soil. This well proves that the elongated elevation is a 

 product of the forces which made the topography of the region, and not 

 a remnant or hill in the former basin. 



Well Xo. 2. This well is situated in the middle southern part of Sec- 

 tion 6, T. 9 N., R. 2 W., and is on the edge of the silt line at the foot of 

 the hill. It is sixteen feet deep and reaches solid stone. The material 

 through which it passes seems to be entirely the outwasb or talus from 

 the hill rising up behind it. 



Well Xo. 3. Middle northern part of Section 6, T. 9 N., R. 2 W., at W. 

 Stone's. Surface elevation 730 feet. The depth of this well was not 

 ascertained but reports indicate that it is of considerable depth to bed- 

 rock. 



Well Xo. ',. Southwestern part of Section 31, T. 10 N., R. 2 W., at H. 

 Heady*s. Surface elevatoin, 723 feet. Depth, 11 feet. Soil, with streaks 

 of yellow and blue containing fine sand, 12.5 feet. Caked sand, of a yel- 

 lowish sugary appearance when wet, becoming like brittle sandstone upon 

 drying, 1.5 foot. 



Well Xo. 5. This well is in the high hill to the uorth of well Xo. 4. 

 It reaches bed-rock at a shallow depth. 



Well Xo. 6. On the county line, middle eastern part of Section 30, 



