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XVI. 



EAELY ITALIAN MAPS OF lEELAND FEOM 1300 TO 1600, WITH 

 NOTES ON FOEEIGN SETTLEES AND TEADE. 



By THOMAS JOHNSON WESTEOPP, M.A. 

 Plates XLII-XLV. 



Kead December 9, 1912. Published February 26, 1913. 



CONTENTS. 



PAGE 





363 



7. The Customs, 



365 



8. Irish shipping— 1170-1300, . 



370 



9. The Cartographers, .... 





10. List of Maps used, . . . . 



372 



11. The place-names, .... 



376 



12. Appendix (a) Irish Maps (4) Customs 



390 



and dues, 



PAGE 



402 

 405 

 405 

 408 

 411 



1. The Portolan Maps — their problems, . 



2. The types of the Maps, 



3. The text of the Maps, 



4. Foreigners in Ireland and the wine 



trade, before 1170, 



5. The same after 1170, 



6. The Irish Ports, 



It is a noteworthy fact that in or about the beginning of the fourteenth century 

 a series of practical maps began to appear in Italy.' They were inmany respects 

 far from accurate, probably formed by building up small sketch-maps like the 

 " skipper maps " of the late thirteenth century (some of which remain, showing 

 portions of the shores of the Mediterranean); but they form the most 

 important contribution to detailed geography since the great work of Ptolemy 

 appeared in the middle of the second century. They made a bold departure 

 from all that had gone before. Compared with the maps of Beatus" in the 

 eighth century, of Edrisi about 1154, or of Eichard of Haldingham^ about 1280 



1 While using any published editions of these maps, I rely especially on the great Atlases of 

 Count A. E. Nordenskiold ; " Periplus: an essay on the early history of Charts, &c.," translated by 

 G. A. Batlier, 1897; and "Facsimile Atlas: the early history of Cartography," translated by 

 A. Ekelop and C. E. Markham, 1889; and F. Ongauia, "Verz. einer Sammlung Ton Welt- und 

 Seekarten des xiii, xiv, und xv Jahrhunderts." 



^The so-called " St. Severus " version of the late eighth-century map of Beatus (dating 1050) 

 shows an oval continent, with long, angular, and curved isles : Tile, Trithe, Britannia, Hibernia, 

 (Jades and Insulae Fortunatarum , the last off Africa. There were several early maps that ignored 

 the British Isles altogether — e.g., that in the Liber Guidonis (No. 3898, Burgundian Library, 

 Brussels), dated 1119. 



^Outlines in previous paper, Proc. R.I. A., vol. xxx (C), pp. 238, 240. 



E.I.A. PEOC, VOL. XXX., SECT. 0, 



m 



