368 



Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy. 



not described. Lafreii,' in 1688, gave his impression of " Hibernia, in oceano, 

 inter Britanniani et Hispauiam sita." He gives the provinces, Momonia, 

 Couacia, Ultonia, and Lageuia. The west is to the top; Catagia (Corcagia, Cork) 

 to tlie S.W. ; Vilcow (Wicklovi'), S.E. ; Surus Flu ; Waterfordia ; Charms 

 Cahir ?), Carigium (Cajrick-on-Suir). Kildarra ; Triperara (on the S. Bank of 

 tlie LifleyO; Dubliiium; Vball; Dodalt (Drogheda); Dondafl' (Dundalk); 

 Arglas ; Bandus Flu ; Lacus Foilus ; Purgatorium S. Patrieii ; Limerick (at 

 Loop Head !) ; and Galuia. He was assisted by Jacob Gastaldus ; but if the 

 latter drew the above map, Irishmen will scarcely endorse his contem- 

 poraries' estimate, " Ecclentissimo cosmografo Piamontese." I give these 

 merely to show the numerous types and their inaccuracy when compared 

 with the two earlier forms, but make no further use of them. 



Map of Lafreri, 1588. 



A new school arose in England soon after 1560. It was constantly 

 reinforced by new original maps, and is for the first time equally concerned 

 with the coast and with inland names. It was a map for statesmen and 

 generals, adapted for mHitary expeditions, not (like its predecessors) peaceful 

 in mtention, and made for scholars and commerce. Its maps are only used 

 by me to help to identify names on the older maps. Closely akin to it are 

 the Ortelius and other maps of the same period. They evidently reacted on 

 each other about 1580 to 1600 ; some of them resemble the second type. 



Lafreri 8 map. im., p. 123. An earlier map (of the fifteenth century), "Christopher 

 l.nseni»s, Buondelmonte," shows some of the inland towns. It is given in Teriplm, plate xxsiii. 

 untortunately u is small, and somewhat out of focus ; but it is of the " normal ponolan " type. 

 dlA "'""."'"''" '^'''' I^«gi^ (altera), and Reba can be seen on it; and portolan names liUe 

 dunsobnn, po.to-rosso, monesi, chenog-fud, Rigara, and fedit, 



