20 Proceedings of the Ro?/aI Irish Academi/. 



(Gleneurraun, the " blind valley '" of Eurren, and the triple fort of Caher- 

 commaun above the end of the " Eoad of the King's Sons," Clare) ; the great 

 Murmhagh (? Ealmurvey in Aran, O'Donovan says ; some sea plain) ; Magh 

 Eanaigh Eosa ; Tuaim nEidhin " with its brow to the land " ( Turlough Hill 

 fort, on the brow overlooking the O'Heidhin territory inland) ;- Asal (Drum 

 Asail or Tory Hill, Limerick) ; Eibhleo (Sliabh feilim. Limerick; Lissavoora 

 Fort) ;' Ueht na rioghna (possibly Ucht na Morrighna, the Paps, Kerry) ; 

 Cuilleann (Cullen, Tipperary) ; Cua (Sliabh Cua, Waterford) ; Claire (Dun 

 t'lare, Limerick); Inneoin (ifullaghinnone, Tipperary); Aine* (Kuockaney, 

 Limerick) : Ord ; Uilieann Eatan ; Loch Ceann (perhaps in Co. Limerick 

 near Lough Gur); Ceann Xathrach (Inehiquin Hill, Clare); the Houses 

 of Eafann ; Druim Caein ; Druim Finghin " of the wood and with it Treada 

 na riogh," triple fort of the king (Kilfinnan ridge and the triple-fenced mote' 

 near it, Limerick); Eath Eire; Eath Faeladh (not Eathgel or Eathkeale as 

 O'Donovan says) : Eath Arda' (Eath arda Suird, Eathurd, Limerick) ; Eath 

 Droma Deilg ; Beanntraidhe (Bantry, Cork) ; Greagraidhe ; Orbhraidhe 

 (Orrery, Cork) ; and Ui Chuirp. 



In the intervening ten or eleven centuries doubtless many fort names were 

 altered without record of the change. In later days the only important 

 record about the Limerick forts is the repair of those of the " Islands " of 

 Loch Gair, Loch Cend, and Loch Saiglend and the forts of Dun Cliach 

 (? Aine), Dun gCrot, Dun Eochair Maige (Brureej, and Cenn Abhrat 

 (Claire) by King Brian 1002-1112. 



NujiBER ASD Types of the Forts. 



It is impossible to give the exact number of forts on the groxmd, and very 

 hard even to decide how many are recorded on the Ordnance Survey Maps. 

 In 1840 the latter show about 2150 in the county ; while over 1900 appear on 



' So Caechan is translated locally. See Journal R. S. Antt. Ir., vol. xxvi, p. 154. 

 Proc. R.I. A., vol. vi, ser. iii, p. 439. 



-Journal R.S.A.I., vol. xxxv, p. 224; xxxvii, p. 405. 



' So identified by Rev. J. F. Lynch with great probability in North Munster Arch. 

 Soc , vol. i, p. 114. Ebliu, daughter of Ghuaire, gave her name to the hill (Mesca Ulad, 

 p. 149, Dind Senchas of Loch Xeagh, Revue Celtique, vol. xv, p. 150). It is on a spur of 

 Slewphelim, and parts of its ramparts remain. The dolmen, Tuamanirvore, near it is 

 also known as Guaire's grave (O.S. 6, 7). 



* Aine and Aoife were daughters of the Sea-God, Manannan mac Lir. 



' There are said to have been five rings, but the name Treada and the lack of any trace 

 of the alleged two outer rings discredit the statement. 



^ This favours an early date for the list ; the Norse name Siward was afiixed to it in 

 pre-Norman times. The rath is barely traceable near the curious round castle of Rathurd. 

 The Four Masters attribute it to one of Heber's chiefs in B.C. 1700. 



