Westropp — Earthworks and Ring -Walls in Co. Limerick. 23 



has been explored. Lough Cenn, where another island fort was repaired, is 

 supposed to be a marshy hollow, south from Lough Gur, but I find no evidence 

 for this. 



PiLLAKS, Wells, and Soutereains in Forts. — Ballyeasey (12) and 

 Moorestown (48) have souterrains ; two were reputed to exist at Attyflin 

 liss. Knockegan, near Askeaton, has an alignment of pillar-stones near it 

 three in number. Bronze Age ornaments were, 1 am told, found not very far 

 away. Lisnacatha is said to have had five fallen pillars in it. I have not 

 seen it,. Longstone, in Grian, has a pillar 9 feet 6 inches high in a fort. 

 Dunmoylan, near Foynes, had two fine pillars about 10 feet high in it, but 

 they were thrown down and broken up. If the Mesca Ulad be correct, a group 

 of pillars stood before the great fort of Temar Luachra, and a notable pillar 

 group on Knockaney Hill, supposed to be the ecMasa, or snow shelter of 

 the horses of the Ultonians.' 



Wells occur in forts at Tobermelly; Cloncagh; St. Brigid's Well in 

 Shangarry (36) ; Lisaniska (36) ; Paradise Well in Baurnagurrahy fort (57). 

 Carheen has a spring at its south-west angle. Very many others have these 

 and wet fosses, such as the " Island " fort at Attyflin ; the neighbouring 

 Springfort and Dunganville. Clonkagh has also a stream into its fosse. A 

 dolmen (of which only a few stones now remain) is in the works of 

 Badgersfort, near Kilpeacon (22). 



Features. — Apart from the above and fosses and gangways, few features 

 remain. A wall in two sections and the foundation of a gate at Ballylin are 

 the only ones in a cathair known to me. Most of the ring-waUs I have 

 examined are absolutely featureless. 



DxiNGANViLLE (Ordnance Survey No. 28). 



Turning aside from the little village of Ardagh, towards the green slopes 

 of Sliabh Luachra, we pass below Eeerasta fort, and come to a bridge and 

 wide guUy which shows with what mighty floods the Daar Ptiver ran down 

 its gorge when no feller had come up upon the endless oak forests of 

 Luachair, and untold acres of mist-condensing woods caught the moisture of 

 the Gulf Stream. It was 150 feet wide, but was a narrow, shallow stream, 

 choked with iiis and ragged robin on the glorious June day of my visit in 

 1913. The old northern bank rises abruptly for 20 feet to the ditch of the 

 dun, and twice as high to its platform. The name implies that a Bile, or 

 venerated tree, grew near the fort, as at Altavilla farther westward. 

 O'Donovan regards Emlygrennan as mhili ghroidhnin, called after some 



1 Mesca Ulad, Todd Lecture Series V, vol. i (1889), R.I. Acad., vol. i, p. 17. 



