36 Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy. 



Before 1230, Thom8,s fitz Maurice held it,' and with sufficient permanence 

 to grant part to the See of Limerick to found a convent at Old Abbey. In 

 1282, John fitz Thomas " held a cantred in Cunyl called Shenede."" Only in 

 1298 is the actual castle named to locate a smith's house.^' John de Londres 

 was its Baily in 1346. Shanid is the leading manor in Oconyll in the 

 valuable rental of 1452 ; from which time, in the Inquisitions and Surveys of 

 the Geraldine estates, in 1584-5, and the Down and Civil Survey, in 1655-7, 

 and every record, till the barony was broken into Glenquin and 8hanid, it is 

 always located in Connello. Despite the obscurity of its history and the 

 greater importance of Newcastle and Askeaton from about 1280 onward, it 

 was recognized as the chief and oldest house of the Geraldines,* and their 

 battle-cry " Shanid aboo ! " is thus marked as very old.^ 



Mr. Goddard Orpen* endeavours to get extra hght on the origin of the 

 Castle and Manor by arguing that Shanid was the castle of the district of 

 Fontimel. He supposes that I identified Ardpatric, in the 1199 grant 

 of Fontimel, with Ardpatrick (now Knockpatrick) in Ui Chonaill, and 

 connects the name Fontimel, or Fontymchill, with Tinnakilla, to the north- 

 west of Shanid. He suggests that I, and subsequently Eev. John Begley, 

 had no reason for locating Fontimel as round Kilmallock, except our 

 unfounded belief that Ardpatrick was the church of that name in Coshlea. 

 As his paper on the Limerick Castles forestalled the third part of my New- 

 castle paper on the lesser castles and the forts,' and I am using the notes on 

 the earthworks in this present essay, an opportunity now for the first time 

 arises to correct these statements and explain my position. 



1 identified Fontimel and the Ardpatric named in its earliest grant with 

 the district round Kilmallock, but from its mention along with Askeaton 

 regarded the Ardpatrick Castle named in the " Ware's Annals " or " Dublin 

 Annals " as Knockpatrick. My position in the latter case cannot be main- 

 tained, but (had it even been correct) could not possibly be held as referring 

 to Shanid. As we see, even in the short resume of the history of Shanid 

 Manor, the latter is always located as in Ui Chonaill, never in any other 



' Senode Church was granted, circa 1230, Black Book of Limerick, p. 1087. Old 

 Abbey lands granted to the nuns. Sir Thomas held lands there from the Bishop of 

 Limerick. Cal. Doc. Ireland, vol. iv, p. 259. 



2 Cal. Doc. L-., vol. iii, p. 429 (1282). 



3 Ibid., vol. iv, p. 258. 



^ Carew Calendar of Papers (1580), p. 236, Pelham's letter. 



° Irish war cries were abolished by Act of Parliament of Henry VII, but such Acts 

 had little effect. 



^ Journal R.S. Antt. Ireland, vol. xxxix, pp. 37, 38. 



" Promised, but never redeemed. Journal R.S. A. I., vol. xxxix, p. 368. The present 

 section (though omitting the notes on the peel towers) supplies its place so far as the 

 earthworks are concerned ; the castle notes are given to the North Munster Arch. Soc. 



