Systematic position of the species 
Economic importance.......... 
DIS tribGONMe as oe cc Fees 
Geological distribution... .. 
Geographical distribution... 
CONTENTS 
A summary of the crane-fly fauna of the world.................0........-:. 
Lists of the species of adjoining States and provinces....................... 
SI CRCEANIC=MIESOLUING Way OL Ke hana iaac ty tcrnenn peu erie, aes Wes Sakray Sema Sali 
Haan lyaehany GeEidaek: reser ets oas seein eth sic tks ou SR TE ese 
Hamill yay ChOpLerIGae ease epic we otep cas eee ep eden reEsic iota Seen 
SUbLamilypety Chopleninaee nee epee tie leee ete een any = eee 
Sublamilyapittacomorphinaese2.5 es yee ee nee 
Innit . 1Rlingig ol tite RVs 0G irae era Tasca ciege thy ne pena ieee Baebes wee thea tents Bae 
Subramnil yee bri Cho Cerin ae ry ae re ee a Oe ee ate 
SUD KATIIT SEC yp NIM ae steer eet eet uns. anaes rad Riel ec erat 
Subigmmilye Viv. ceto binac emer jt nar ee tn og ee eee 
Family Tipulidae. . 
SU DUATH Ty AGM DIN AC ketene rk ean elie ee Mic eg eeliar gece ure 
Airibeguimnobiinis aise toaon - e a eo eee ee B 
Mri tne wAtn LOCH Ines yen reset seegcas ec Neel Scone, Dike Soe ree te eyes Pane oe 
ehribeshirio plerinis eee i oe aren eee ee Pee dra pte 
airbermammnophilinitrs saps eee ee eee 
Mira Deve CXA COMIN Tse ye anor aap as tat ecien wrarnunery eter ie bial: 
DY a ovspd Bree ICSU e belie ena eet, ae eaaraces re Nie a lp we, Ce Ss a 
SubtamilyzCylindrotominaeseees ae ee ee ere eee 
Subtamilyabipulindeys ey -epcrs cr eae ie eee cons cures ey aera ee 
Eri bey DOL EhO PEZMi Asse ose eae oe casa eI Sew en a ke he 
tribe © Leno photinivewy ore en reer IEE Ce As 
“AN oveiad boxe hah eaters ee 8 eeore ca nope ns Minnis ws ah ec pe Oe Nes pea 
Distribution of the Tipulidae and related families by life zones.............. 
“Mave [Sarwar i weyea Toy i is enon eer ateheneeers tee, OB ce chest nei ea eft os eect tea 
shhepArctic-Alpine). Zone staat oo es re ee ee 
The Hudsonian 
YAU MOG) Gie.Ol Cae 6 U GO OLGna So 1STeO Clo EO MOG COB ODO OciOL 
Men G Aria GAN ZONE ora eek yi ee Nese ete ad eA ey ened MoE) Tec 
shhes@anadianransitions ZOnerers nn yer ee ee 
The Austral region. 
The Transition 
VAUUE SS osupcbocmpoononodouomeoescoucrag ceo d san on so 
sthesUpper, Ausirale zone-c ire es ee Caa,  Sare Nere ERIC Pao oe 
aheviower Austral) zone oe creel ces Cee ee A en hee 
The Tropical region 
AEE O PIGAl ZONE ots aes eh hay arta oeeteedee sete na aa egteoual sistas vei onees oye 
Seasonal distribution....... 
Immature stages............... 
INI GER. 2 56 eee cee ec 
‘ie IEWAY\s Sle. e te Ea aen Oe 
wthetpupasey oo... ee 
Rearing the immature stages 
Aquatic forms......... 
Mud-inhabiting forms. . 
Fungus-inhabiting forms 
Mood and) Dark-inhabiting, {OMS 2) 2)4)-' slices ale eee edes cece tae srs ele «vse 
