846 CHARLES PauL ALEXANDER 
The mouth parts 
In many species in widely separated tribes, the anterior, or frontal, 
part of the head is produced into a short, cylindrical rostrum, which 
is in most cases nearly if not quite as long as the head itself. Such a 
frontal prolongation occurs in Rhamphidia (fig. 124, B and c), in some 
tropical species of Teucholabis (Antochini), in Opifex (Hriopterini) 
and Ornithodes (Pediciini), and in most Tipulini (fig. 124, 5). In these 
Taxislary 
Poy. 
Neo. 
=. STaallory 
palp! 
We axillary 
palpt STaxillary 
pop! VTexilary palpus, 
Cc 
D 
Fic. 124. MOUTH PARTS OF VARIOUS SPECIES OF CRANE-FLIES 
A, Geranomyia canadensis, male, ventral aspect. B, Rhamphidia flavipes, male, ventral 
aspect. C, Rhamphidia mainensis, male, ventral aspect. D, Elephantomyia westwoodi, 
male, ventral aspect. E, Tipula apicalis, male, lateral aspect 
cases the mouth parts are borne at or near the tip of the prolongation. 
In the Tipulini there often appears near the end of the prolongation, on 
the dorsal side, a small tubercle bearing a brush of long hairs (fig. 124, &). 
This is the nasus, or “‘nose.’”? The most generalized condition of the 
mouth parts in this group of flies is seen in certain members of the 
primitive group Tanyderidae, in which the labrum, the maxillae, the 
labium, and possibly the mandibles, are distinct and styliform (Alexander, 
1913 a: 332-333). 
