376 Water N. Hess 
size, with negative results. Where the insects have been found in trees 
of about this size, they frequently die before maturing, due probably to 
scanty food and to too little protection from cold and diseases. So far 
as is known, they never infest either trees that have been dead for more 
than three years or healthy living trees. They have been found in trees 
that had been injured by fire or other agencies on one side but were alive 
and healthy on the other side. The insects no doubt do material damage 
to such trees in hastening their death, not only by eating into the tissues 
that may be alive but also in cpening and exposing the injured side to 
water and fungus attacks. 
The normal time for these insects to oviposit on pine is in the spring 
following the death of the trees. The insects will oviposit on the trees 
again the second year, but only in rare instances will they do so the third 
year, and never the fourth year in so far as could be determined. In 
fact, by the third year the cambium layer is so nearly decayed that little 
is left for the larvae to feed upon. 
The insects have been found from the very base of the stumps of the 
infested tree to near the top, where the trees were about six inches in diame- 
ter. They seldom are seen above this, and never in the limbs unless these 
happen to be very large. An idea of the number of individuals that may 
be found in an infested tree is given by notes made in regard to a tree cut 
on March 10, 1916. The tree was 16 inches in diameter at the base and © 
was infested to a height of about 30 feet. It had been dead for two years, 
and so two broods were present. There were found 195 adults representing 
the first year’s brood, and 155 larvae representing the second year’s brood. 
These insects were rather uniformly distributed throughout the tree. 
In some cases they were as close together as two or three inches, while in 
other cases they were as much as a foot apart. 
in badly infested trees the mines of these insects are more or less con- 
tinuous by the end of the second or the third year, often separating the 
bark from the trees and not infrequently causing it to fall off. It is 
probable, however, that the burrows of other insects aid in this process. 
Differing from most other cerambycid larvae, the larvae of this species 
move about comparatively little, but feed in all directions from a rather 
stationary point until all food within reach is consumed. They then 
move to one side or the other, leaving a large amount of frass behind them. 
Until the larvae are about three months old they make no special effort 
