706 CHARLES Paut ALEXANDER 
with his forceps. Then he attempted to fly away, but she seized hold 
of the board with all her feet and he was unable to disengage her. This 
seems to indicate that the normal place for copulation is in the air. 
The motions of the insects in the swarm were very rapid, almost like 
those of bees, and the sound produced was at a very low pitch, much 
lower than that made by Culex. The movements are on a horizontal 
plane, each individual flying mostly in the path of a figure 8, sometimes 
slowly and at other times much more rapidly. 
Many specimens were seen dipping down into the water, as tho engaged 
in laying eggs. All of the few specimens captured proved to be males, 
but why this sex should go thru these motions is not clear to the writer. 
This action has been observed several times in various species of crane- 
flies. It is very probable that the female lays her eggs in the water in 
this manner. 
The eggs are pale white or brown, not heavily chitinized as are those 
of Hexatoma but with the chorion feebly sculptured. They vary in 
number from 892 to 1034, with an average of 952. They are small, about 
the same size as those of Hexatoma. The ovaries almost completely 
fill the abdominal cavity, and the eggs are arranged in the ovaries like 
bananas on a stalk, with numerous pale nurse-cells in between. 
The larval life is passed in streams, usually under rocks. The winter 
is spent in the larval condition, but the larvae do not attain full size until 
the following spring. At this time they come to the land and live in 
the sand and gravel along the banks of the streams. By the alternate 
extension and contraction of the body and the inflation of the penultimate 
segment of the abdomen at the moment of extension, the larvae are 
capable of inflating this segment into an enormous globular structure 
which serves as an aid to progression thru the soil. The food of the larvae 
consists largely of animal matter, and often large species, such as chiro- 
nomid larvae, are swallowed whole. The almost total lack of chitinization 
of the mental region allows for great distension of this part of the body. 
The powerful mandibles and the retrorsely roughened esophagus serve 
the function of both holding the prey and preventing its ejection when 
once swallowed. Considerable gravel and particles of vegetable tissue 
are also found in the proventricular region. 
When ready to transform to the pupal condition, the larva becomes 
sluggish. After molting the last larval skin, the pupa is disclosed, pale 
