776 CHARLES PauL ALEXANDER 
for Bittacomorpha clavipes (Hart, 1898 [1895]:19L). Careful breedings of 
this species in 1913 at Orono, Maine, placed the indoor pupal life at four 
days and eighteen hours, and that in nature at probably five days — an 
unusually short pupal duration. 
Larva.— Length, when fully grown, 30-32 mm.; when fully extended, about 35 mm. 
Diameter, 2—2.2 mm. 
Head light reddish brown, not marked with darker spots as in Bittacomorpha; body 
whitish or pale yellow; tomentum short, pale; seventh and eighth segments of abdomen, 
and breathing tube, light brown. 
Body almost smooth, sparsely clothed with short, appressed hairs arranged in indistinct 
transverse rows, on intermediate segments of body there being about twenty of these rows; 
body not at all tuberculate, as in Bittacomorpha. Prothoracic segment short, not so long 
as mesothorax; metathorax nearly as long as preceding two segments combined. (In older 
larvae that are about to pupate, the right pupal breathing horn may be seen coiled under- 
neath the skin of the mesothorax.) First five abdominal segments swollen posteriorly into 
a ring that completely surrounds the segments; first three abdominal segments with low, 
indistinct pseudopods on either side of the median line, each with a small, recurved claw; 
pseudopods after first pair more widely separated than, and not so well developed as, in 
the Bittacomorphinae. Abdominal segments 4 and 5 more elongate, swollen posteriorly 
but not bearing pseudopods; segment 6 narrowed behind, with a few scattered, outspreading 
hairs; segment 7 narrower than preceding and telescopic within itself, at about two-fifths 
the length there being a transverse row of long hairs marking the limit of telescoping; when 
fully extended, segment 7 a little longer than segment 8; segment 8 a little narrower, and 
telescopic basally into segment 7. (The parts of segments 7 and 8 which are exposed in 
the retracted condition are brown and subchitinized, and bear scattered, outspread hairs 
which are most numerous near the caudal end of the exposed part and here form transverse 
rows; similar rows of sparse, setiferous punctures are on the dorsum of the swellings on the 
first five abdominal segments.) Breathing tube (segment 9) retractile into segment 8 for 
about one-fourth its length; when retracted, completely concealing gills. Tracheal gills 
two, elongate-cylindrical, situated near base of segment 9; in normal position of rest, gills 
usually projecting about one-half their length beyond end of segment 8. Apex of breathing 
tube truncated but without well-defined lobes. 
Head small, proportionately much smaller than in Bittacomorpha; oval to somewhat 
pear-shaped; narrow anteriorly, broadened behind, near posterior margin abruptly narrowed. 
Prefrons broad, conspicuous. (As neted by most earlier writers on the genus Ptychoptera, the 
head bears numerous punctures with setae which are plumos2 or havo-a branched appearance 
[Plate XV, 20]. The writer has examined numerous specimens under high magnification 
and is inclined to believe rather that in some cases several bristles arise from a single puncture 
and are closely approximated basally, altho free distally, and that the plumose appearance 
is here merely apparent. In other cases, however, actual basal fusion has taken place. The 
number of free tips from a puncture varies from three to six, five and six being common 
numbers.) Labrum broad, transverse, on disk two large setiferous punctures bearing 
branched setae; on either side beneath, conspicuous tufts of long hairs, these tufts continued 
