786 CHARLES Paut ALEXANDER 
Body tapering gradually at either end, posterior end prolonged into breathing tube. 
Usual color pale rusty brown, but the writer has found a few nearly full-grown specimens 
which were as pale in color as the larvae of Ptychoptera. Body covered with numerous 
transverse rows of small tubercles, or papillae, which bear short setae. Head broadly ovate, 
convex above, where it is conspicuously marked with rows of black spots, these interrupted 
lines converging behind. Mouth parts in general similar to those in Bittacomorphella, the 
main points of difference being as follows: mandible (Plate XVIII, 42) shorter and stouter, 
ending in a powerful! outer tooth, the comb of inner teeth being reduced to about eight small 
tubercles, the two bristles on outer margin of mandible not overlapped by projecting “ ears ”’; 
labium (Plate XVIII, 41) shorter and stouter, with a different arrangement of papillae; epiphar- 
ynx long, narrowed behind, distinctly bilobed, each half with parallel rows of long, comblike 
teeth projecting proximad; anterior comb of epipharynx with the anterior teeth the largest, 
the teeth gradually reduced in size behind; posterior comb with the rows of teeth widely 
separated anteriorly, approximated behind so as to be contiguous or nearly so at their ends; 
space between these rows filled with long hairs; anterior teeth small and feebly chitinized, 
posterior teeth stronger. First three abdominal segments bearing conspicuous pseudopods, 
each terminated by a sharp, slender claw which fits into a groove on the face of the pseudopod. 
Pupa.— Total length, 40-60 mm. 
Length excluding breathing tube, 15.5-25 mm. 
Length of breathing tube, 25-35 mm. 
Degenerate breathing tube, length 2 mm., diameter 0.2 mm. 
Width, d.-s., 1.8 mm. 
Depth, d.-v., 2.6 mm. 
Breathing tube light brown; wing sheaths brown; leg sheaths light brownish yellow and 
dark brownish black, alternated, corresponding to the leg markings of the adult fly. Abdomen 
pale yellow, rather uniformly covered with abundant brownish tubercles and transverse, 
chitinized plates, these brown areas scarcer on pleura and not especially abundant on apical 
margins of segments. : 
Pupa somewhat similar in general structure to pupa of Ptychoptera. Anterior cephalic 
crest small, lobules rounded, each tipped with a long, stout seta; immediately behind anterior 
crest, a similar blunt, bilobed projection of front; latezad of crest, a slender, elongate tubercle 
on either side, immediately behind antenna! sheaths, each with a long seta; two other setiferous 
tubercles on head behind antennae and maxillary palpi. Antennal bases approximated 
between eyes. Sides of head, laterad of eyes, with a small setiferous tubercle. Maxillary 
palpi not recurved at tip, as in Ptychoptera, ending opposite knee joint. Clypeus elongate, 
gradually narrowed toward apex, transversely wrinkled; two hairs toward base near inner 
margin of eye. Each half of labium broad, roughly subquadrate, tips broadened and 
obliquely truncated (Plate XVIII, 43). 
Breathing horns almost as in Ptychoptera. (Nearly always it is the right horn that is elon- 
gated, but in about ten per cent of the specimens the left horn is elongated while the right 
is degenerated; Hart records one specimen in which both horns were developed, but unequally, 
the right measuring 23 mm. and the left 13 mm.; some of the specimens recorded by Hart 
are larger than any that the writer hasever seen.) Wing sheaths ending almost opposite tips 
of fore tarsi; media unbranched. Leg sheaths (Plate X VIII, 47) with fore tarsi much shorter 
