THE CRANE-FLIES oF New York — Part II 793 
5. Dorsal abdominal segments with two slender spines kefore margin. 
Cylindrotominae, pars (p. 959) 
Dorsal Sioclenaute segments with four or more teeth or spines before margin. 
Tipulinae, pars (p. 974) 
SUBFAMILY Limnobiinae 
The subfamily Limnobiinae includes a vast assemblage of usually 
small ecrane-flies. Only a few genera approach the ordinary size of the 
other principal subfamily, the Tipulinae, such genera being Limnobia, 
Psaronius, Limnophila, Eriocera, Pedicia, and a few others. 
The writer has endeavored to key the immature stages of tribes, sub- 
tribes, and genera. As has been stated elsewhere, the keys are based 
almost entirely on material seen by the writer, and additional specimens 
of other species will undoubtedly modify the arrangement very con- 
siderably. It is believed, however, that the keys as given will at least 
furnish suggestions or a basis for succeeding work. The characters 
given in the keys, in so far as is possible, are those that can be seen with- 
out making a detailed dissection of the specimen. However, for most 
species it is necessary to study the larval head, as already outlined (page 
741). The character of ‘‘ head massive”’ or ‘‘ head rodlike ” can often 
be detected thru the larval integument without dissection. The spi- 
racular disk is usually studied without especial difficulty. 
The immature stages of the majority of the species are spent in moist 
earth, usually near water. Some are nearly, if not quite, aquatic (Antocha, 
Elliptera, some Dicranomyia); others are fungicolous (Ula, some Lim- 
nobia); several live under the bark of trees (some Dicranomyia, some 
Rhipidia, Discobola, Gnophomyia, 'Teucholabis, Elephantomyia, and 
others); one, at least, mines in the leaves of plants (Dicranomyia). 
The habits of the various genera and species are discussed in greater 
detail under the respective titles. The following keys separate the 
tribes and the subtribes of the subfamily Limnobiinae: 
Larvae 
1. Spiracular disk provided with two long ventral lobes...............0.ceecceeeceeeee 2 
SED CU ara sken O. LEAS ADO V Ele <o ccteeincy atin ec ieee ee oge Gusteye maa coeecbey arene cael eueucda ors, a euoravcuc toes fe oe 3 
2. Spiracles lacking or vestigial; mentum not completely divided medially; hypopharynx a 
chitinized double comb; species aquatic, in silken cases. 
Limnobiini, subtribe Antocharia (p. 799) 
Spiracles large, prominent, exposed; mentum completely divided medially; hypopharynx 
Thea bypass ee ao i ee al eat te al C2 rd es ance me a eS AAT Pediciini (p. oa 
Seopiraculan disk surrounded bysfouror five lobesi.my.= ose ats el se ace ates olen: 
Spiracular disk surrounded by three lobes or without distinct lobes............... i9 
