810 CuarLes Paut ALEXANDER 
L.. macrostigma Schum., and L. obscuricornis Bel. are often found in decay- 
ing, principally deciduous, wood. L. tripunctata Fabr., L. sexpunctata 
Fabr. [= L. nigropunctata Schum.], L. flavipes Fabr., and L. nubeculosa 
Meig. are found in humous earth and beneath leaves in woods. The 
pupal duration of L. quadrimaculata is from eight to twelve days, and this 
species, as well as others of the genus, pupates in the ground, inclosed in 
delicate silken cases which are covered with particles of earth and other 
matter. 
In America, L. triocellata O. 8. is characteristically fungicolous. L. 
cinctipes Say, and presumably ZL. immatura O. 8., are found both in fungi 
and in decaying wood. JL. indigena O. 8. has been found in living tulip 
roots from Greenville, South Carolina (Greene, ms.). JL. fallax Johns., 
and presumably L. solitaria O. S., live in organic mud near water. L. 
partetina O. S. probably has a similar habitat, since it was found in tent 
traps set over Beaver Meadow Brook in the Adirondacks (Needham, 
1908 a:171). 
Limnobia cinctipes Say 
1823 Limnobia cinctipes Say. Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., vol. 3, p. 21, no. 4. 
Limnobia cinctipes is one of the largest and commonest American species 
of the genus Limnobia. It has been reared many times, some of the 
records being as follows: 
On July 23, 1883, Pergande collected larvae in an old fungus growing 
on rotten wood. On July 20, 1886, the same species of larvae was found 
constructing silken cases thru the fungus, and later in the ground for 
pupation. The pupae were active, and were able to draw back and forth 
in their tubes. Adults began to issue on July 28, showing the pupal 
stage in this case to be not more than eight days. 
On April 25, 1912, a number of specimens of this species were received 
from W. H. Shideler, of Miami University, Ohio. The specimens were 
taken at Oxford, Ohio, on April 20, when several hundred larvae and§j 
pupae were found in an old dry log. The young pupae in the wood aref 
not covered with particles of débris, but the older pupae are inclosed in 
a case which is covered with wood fragments, only the top of the head and 
the tip of the abdomen projecting beyond the case. When the pupae 
are about to transform, the insect emerges to about half its length and the 
