THE CRANE-FLIEs oF New York — Part IT 841 
colored and evidently nearly ready to emerge to the adult state. At 
times the larval movements are very active and eel-like, but at other 
times they are very slow and sluggish. At each movement forward, 
the terminal segment partly telescopes into the subterminal and is thrown 
violently backward. After transforming to the adult condition, the pupal 
skin is left adhering to the sand, with the posterior half, or a smaller 
portion, attached, often standing quite perpendicular to the surface and 
very conspicuous. 
Larva.— Length, 8.5-11.9 mm. 
Diameter, 1.4-1.8 mm. 
Color dull white; head capsule very dark brownish black. 
Form er eeaately, slender (Plate XXXIV, 145), but the body not greatly sengeiad as in 
the Eriopterini and some Limnobiini. Integument covered with a fine, short pubescence. 
Abdominal segments 2 to 7 each divided by a constriction into a narrow basal annulus and 
a broad posterior annulus; basal ring at about midlength and at the end with narrow trans- 
verse rows of tiny setae; abdominal segments 2 to 7 on ventral surface of basal ring with 
conspicuous raised transverse creeping-welts which are covered with microscopic points; 
eighth abdominal segment suddenly constricted before spiracular disk. Region around anus 
protuberant, this evidently being an aid to propulsion. Spiracular disk (Plate XXXIV, 
153) surrounded by five blunt lobes, of which the dorsal one is median in position and 
blunter than the others; inner face of each lobe with a conspicuous brownish black mark; 
a fringe of delicate blackish hairs surrounding disk, these hairs a little longer and more 
prominent at ends of lobes. Spiracles almost circular, widely separated, the distance between 
them being about three times diameter of one spiracle. Disk between spiracles with an 
indistinct arcuated line. 
Head capsule (Plate XX XIV, 146) massive and compact, rather narrow, posterior incisions 
not extending deeply into capsule. Prefrons very large, tapering gradually to a sharp point 
behind; numerous setae on prefrons and on other sclerites of capsule. Labrum (Plate XXXIV, 
147) large, conspicuous; epipharynx and lateral margins strengthened by narrow bands 
of chitin; lateral and anterior margins of labrum with a dense fringe of long hairs; an irregular 
tubercle on dorsal surface on either side of labrum; epipharynx with a narrow transverse 
band of setae; juncture of clypeus and labrum with four setiferous punctures, two on either 
side, the posterior pair a little the closer together; clypeal region with a dark transverse basal 
and terminal band; base of clypeus with three setiferous punctures on either side. Mentum 
(Plate XXXIV, 148) almost completely undivided, the usual median split obliterated except 
behind; outermost mental plate terminating in three apical teeth, the median one of which is 
a little shorter and broader than the other two; behind (dorsad of) outer plate, another similar 
plate which adds three more teeth to each side of mentum. Hypopharynx not chitinized. 
Antenna (Plate XXXIV, 149) very small, short, cylindrical or subglobular, about as broad 
as long; at the tip two hyaline papillae shaped like immature mushrooms, the outer one 
about twice thesize of the inner one. Mandible (Plate XX XIV, 150 and 151) slender, ending 
in a blunt, slightly curved, apical point; on ventral cutting edge a row of about five flattened 
