THE CRANE-FurES oF New York — Part II 875 
for a distance equal to about one-half length of lobes; lateral lobes small, subdorsal in position, 
separated by a narrow nctch, their inner faces opposed to each other, margin fringed with 
short, golden-yellow hairs. Anal gills four, moderately elongated. 
Head capsule as in P. tenuipes. Antenna with sculptured apical papilla tapering to 
blunt tip; besides this papilla, an even longer, hyaline, flattened blade. Mandible with 
apical bladelike part shorter and stouter, with two subequal stout triangular teeth at base 
(Plate XLVIII, 227). 
Pupa.— Very similar to pupa of P. tenwipes, but smaller. Antennal sheaths of male 
short. Breathing horns a little shorter than in P. tenuipes but still much longer than 
in P. quadrata, of a pale yellowish brown color. On abdominal tergites, along caudal margin 
of posterior ring, from four to seven naked tubercles between the setiferous tubercies (in 
P. tenuipes, four or five). Male cauda.(Plate L, 237) with dorsal lobes stout, cylindrical, 
narrowed at tips, divergent, directed caudad and ventrad; on outer face before tip a slender 
seta; ventral lobes blunt, with a flattened ventral tubercle at base of notch. Segment 8 on 
dorsum with posterior lobes blunt, straight, directed caudad and slightly laterad, but not so 
strongly as in P. tenuipes. 
Nepionotype.— Orono, Maine, July 3, 1913. 
Neanotype.— Ithaca, New York, emerged June 11, 1917. No. 112-1917. 
Paratypes.— Pupa, Orono, Maine, placed in rearing as a fully grown larva, June 26, 1913; 
emerged as an adult male, July 3, 1913, showing a pupal duration of seven days. Larva, 
Orono, Maine, July 5, 1913 (No. 74-913). 
Pilaria quadrata (O. 5. 
1859 Limnophila quadraia O.S. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., p. 241. 
Pilaria quadrata is a widely distributed spring and early summer 
species. The immature stages are very similar to those of P. tenuipes 
and P. recondita. .A pupa was found by Dr. Needham in the Indian 
Spring, Ithaca, New York, where it was found floating among the water 
cress. From this pupa an adult female fly was reared. On June 3, 1917, 
the writer found two fully matured male pupae in Chickaree Woods neaz 
Ithaca. There had been a very heavy rainstorm on the preceding day, 
and the low spots in the woods had been converted into small ponds, 
many of the insects that normally live in the mud or beneath the decaying 
leaves being forced to the surface. The pupae of P. quadrata, as well 
as an abundance of Tipula larvae, were found clinging to small islands 
of débris floating on these temporary woodland pools. The adult flies 
emerged on June 3. 
Pupa.— Length of cast pupal skin, 9-12 mm. 
Coloration almost black, including pronotal breathing horns; abdomen more dusky gray. 
Cephalic crest small, black, trilobed, each lobe with a seta at apex. Labrum narrow, 
blunt at tip. Labial lobes rounded. Sheaths of maxillary palpi elongate, tapering to the 
