892 CHARLES Paut ALEXANDER 
Penthoptera albitarsis O. S. 
1869 Penthoptera albitarsis O.S. Mon. Dipt. N. Amer., part 4, p. 257-258. 
The larvae of Penthoptera albitarsis are usually not uncommon in ric 
organic mud in shaded places thruout the range of the species. Larva 
of many sizes, some very small, others apparently almost fully grown 
may be found at a single time. This would probably indicate that th 
species emerges at intervals thruout the summer, rather than that it i 
double-brooded. 
Larva,— Length, 10-12 mm. 
Diameter, 1—-1.2 mm. 
Color bright chestnut-yellow, anterior half of body richer- and deeper-colored; thoraci 
segments suffused with brown; skin with a silky, iridescent reflection. 
Body provided with numerous long, appressed hairs. A few setae on body, the followin 
being the most conspicuous: one on lateral do-sal margin of last segment, near base o 
lateral lobes; a series of four groups of one or two in each row across dorsal surface of th 
three thoracic segments at about midlength; a group of two or three long setae on sides nea 
caudal margin of segments. Subterminal enlargement of abdomen with about twenty-fiv 
transverse rows of fine points. 
Spiracular disk (Plate LVIT, 292 and 293) with four blunt lobes; ventral lobes densel 
fringed with long, pale hairs, those toward ends of lobes longer; one or more elongate seta 
near tip of each ventral lobe, these being longer than lobes themselves; lateral lobes wit 
a similar fringe of rather short, yellow hairs; spiracular disk almost free from dark marl 
ings, a pale brown line extending dorsad from each spiracle and an indistinct brownish lin 
along ventral margin of lateral lobes. Spiracles circular. Anal gills four, pale. Hea 
capsule rather broad, dorsal plate with inner anterior angles rounded. Labrum (Plat 
LVII, 289) almost as in Eriocera spinosa, the extreme cephalic epipharyngeal parts with t 
usual papillae and seti’erous tubercles; lateral papillae bearing at their tips three or fo 
slender pegs; between these papillae two pairs of setiferous tubercles, a basal larger pa 
and a more apical smaller pair. Mandible (Plate LVII, 291) a little more curved than 
usual in this subtribe, inner margin with a double tooth at about midlength. 
Pupa.— Length, 10-10.5 mm. 
Width, d.-s., 1.4—1.5 mm. 
Depth, d.-v., 1.5-1.6 mm. 
Thorax dark brown, wing and leg sheaths paler; pronotal breathing horns dark bro 
swollen bases and tips much paler, light orange; abdomen brownish yellow. 
Cephalic crest consisting of two widely separated rounded lobes behind, each bearing t 
setae; anteriorly the crest appearing as a large depressed lobe between antennal bases, wi 
a very large, stiff seta on either side. A powerful seta on each side of region of clypeus. 
seta on genal region between eye and sheath of maxillary paipus. Labrum evenly round 
or a little truncated at apex. Labial lobes widely separated, roughly rounded or indistinct 
pentagonal in outline. Maxillary palpi broad, ending bluntly beneath or just before antenn 
sheaths. Antennae ending just beyond wing root in female, considerably longer in mal 
