THE CRANE-F LIES OF NEw York — Part II 935 
the fully grown larva is slightly over 30 millimeters. It is subcylindrical, 
considerably flattened. Oval warts armed with minute teeth are situated 
on both surfaces of abdominal segments 2 to 7. The larva is very dark 
slaty gray in color, darker toward the extremities. The spiracular disk 
as shown by Hudson’s colored figure is very small. Apparently only 
one larva inhabits the space between the two sheathing leaves of the 
Astelia, and only those leaves which are full of a thick, brown, coffee- 
like liquid are frequented. The pupa is inclosed in a rather tough, 
extremely elongate, silken tube situated between the sheathing leaves. 
It rests in an upright position in the midst of the semi-liquid mass. The 
pupa measures about 38 millimeters in length, being very elongate with 
the head and the thorax unusually small. The two pronotal breathing 
horns are shaped somewhat like a bivalve shell. Abdominal segments 
3 to 6 at the base on the dorsal side have finely-toothed warts; the ventral 
surface has plain ridges. It is probable that the present species is not a 
true Gnophomyia, but until more is known of this species and its relatives 
it should be referred to this genus. 
The Gnophomyia pilipes referred to by Beling (1879:42) and by Gerbig 
(1913: 161-163) pertains to Trimicra (page 932). 
G. tristissima has been recorded by Malloch (1915-17 b: 230-231) as living 
in wet mud, but this is an error. The writer has material from exactly 
the same source as Malloch’s, received from James A. Hyslop, and this 
shows that the haunt of the larvae is beneath the decaying bark of trees — 
an unusual habitat for one of the Eriopterini, which for the most part 
live in damp sand or earth near water. The rearing of this species in 
New York (by Young), Massachusetts (by Johnson), Maryland (by 
Hyslop), Virginia (by Shannon), Kansas (by Alexander), Illinois (by 
Malloch and Alexander), and Texas (by Mitchell), leaves no question 
that the immature stages are to be found beneath the decaying bark of 
the larger hardwood trees, the tulip tree, Liriodendron Tulipifera Linn., 
being often preferred. 
Cnophomyia tristissima O. S. 
1859 Gnophomyia tristissima O.S. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., p. 224. 
Gnophomyia tristissima is an interesting black fly with conspicuous 
yellow halteres. It is common and widely distributed thruout the eastern 
