936 CHARLES PauL ALEXANDER 
United States and Canada. As stated above, the species has been reared 
on at least seven different occasions in as many States, the most com- 
plete account being that by Hyslop, whose specimens and manuscript 
notes were kindly placed at the writer’s disposal. His data on this species 
are as follows: 
May 14, 1914. Wolfsville, Maryland. Under the bark of a rotten stump of a tulip 
poplar (Liriodendron) on the roadside near Warrenfeltz schoolhouse, field on the left going 
to town. I found a great number of amber-yellow dipterous larvae (three in alcohol), and 
also three pupae slightly shortened and with the thorax and legssferruginous and the abdo- 
men pale amber. They were in a very moist nidus of rotted inner bark; placed in rearing in 
a tin box. 
May 16. One adult emerged today (pinned); pupal case in alcohol. 
May 18. Three adults emerged today (pinned); pupal cases in alcohol. Observed 
emergence of one adult. The swaying motion observed in Tipula infuscata was not observed, 
but the adult simply glided straight out of the pupal case by a wavelike contraction of the 
abdomen. The whole emergence took only about eight seconds. A larva pupated. 
May 23. Adult emerged. Pupal stage five days. Placed the remainder of the pupae 
(ell had transformed from larvae to pupae) in alcohol. The pupae are quite active and move 
under a shelter if exposed. Just before emerging, the pupa takes on a black color on the 
thorax and smoky yellow on the abdomen. 
Shannon’s material was reared from pupae taken under the bark of a 
dead tulip tree at Dead Run, Fairfax County, Virginia, on May 5, 
1913. <A larva that is undoubtedly this same species was found beneath 
the same tree on April 17, 1913. Johnson bred this species from larvae 
found beneath bark at Riverside, Massachusetts, on April 24, 1905. 
The Texas specimens were found by Mitchell beneath the bark of cotton- 
wood (Populus) at Victoria, on June 30. 
At Lawrence, Kansas, in 1919, the writer found a few larvae under 
the bark of a box elder, associated with the following dipterous larvae: 
Pterocalla strigula Loew, Lonchaea laticornis Meig., Phaonia harti Mall. 
These associated species were kindly determined by Mr. Malloch. In 
1920 the flies were bred from under the bark of several deciduous trees at 
Urbana, Illinois, by Mr. Malloch and the writer. 
Well-preserved specimens of the larvae are not available to the writer, 
and the following description is taken direct from Malloch (1915-17 b: 
230-231): 
Larva.— Length, 9-11 mm. Slender, slightly tapering toward both extremities, more 
decidedly towards the cephalic. Body yellowish testaceous, covered with dense decumbent 
pile. 
Head [Plate LX XIV, 396] more compact than that of Helobia, the lateral rods stouter; 
antennae very small; maxillae large, produced beyond the apex of the narrow labrum, the palpi 
stout; labium not chitinized; mandibles slender, with a long sharp apical tooth and about three 
poorly defined teeth along the lower lateral margin. Locomotor organs consisting of rather 
