996 CHARLES Paut ALEXANDER 
near anterior lateral margin of posterior ring; pleurites with a spine on basal ring and tw 
transverse spines on posterior ring. Cauda with six strong dorsal lobes. 
Prionocera is a small genus (about a dozen species) of usually far norther 
flies of somber coloration. The only species found in eastern Nort 
America is Prionocera fuscipennis, discussed below. The immatur 
stages are somewhat similar to those of Holorusia. The apparent similarit 
of the pupa to that of Longurio is probably not indicative of a very clos 
relationship. 
The immature stages have been discussed but little in the literature 
The “Tipula sp. No. 1” of Malloch (1915-17 b: 199-200) refers to P. fusca 
pennis. The immature stages of a species supposed to be P. parri (Kirby 
have been discussed and figured by the writer in his report on the Canadian 
Arctic Tipulidae (Alexander, 1919 ¢:19c-20c). 
The name Stygeropis has been in use for many years under the belie 
that the earlier name Prionocera was preoccupied in the Coleoptera 
Dr. Bergroth states that this is not so and that Prionocera should b 
used. 
Prionocera fuscipennis (Loew) 
1865 Stygeropis fuscipennis Loew. Berl. Ent. Ztschr., vol. 9, p. 129. 
C. H. Kennedy found two cast pupal skins among Sparganium stem 
in Ringwood Hollow, Ithaca, New York, on November 20, 1916. Severa 
larvae had been found here in the preceding July, and some others were 
found on June 4, 1917 (No. 106-1917), in a cat-tail swamp near Bool’ 
hillside, Ithaca, where they were associated with the characteristic helo 
phytic crane-fly fauna (Bittacomorpha, Rhamphidia flavipes, Pseudolim 
nophila lutecpennis, Pilaria recondita, Tripula tricolor, and other species), 
Malloch’s material was taken in Wisconsin in May. Dr. Needham ha 
reared the species near Lake Forest, Llinois. 
Larva.— Length, 18-22 mm. 
Diameter, 2—2.2 mm. 
Coloration dark brown, in some cases with a pale dorso-median stripe. 
Form terete, tapering gradually to anterior end of body. Segments with several scattered 
elongate setae. Spiracular disk (Plate XCI, 502) surrounded by six long, finger-like lobe 
which are delicately fringed with long hairs; ventral lobes considerably the longest; latera 
lobes a little larger and stouter than dorsal lobes; all the Jobes broadly margined with dar 
brown, these marks expanding at inner ends; on ventrallobes, lateral margin expanded at inne 
