1014 CHARLES PauL ALEXANDER 
The females are more active when in flight than are their mates and are capable of moving 
very rapidly. Their flight is a rapid, fluttering progression along the ground. Copulation 
takes place on either the upper or the lower surface of leaves, usually near the ground. Som 
times copulation is end to end, with the heads directed away from each other; at other time 
it is face to face, the bodies being arcuated into a convex loop. 
The larva almost certainly lives among or beneath the decaying leaves and débris whic 
cover the talus slope. 
Tipula macrolabis Loew 
1864 Tipula macrolabis Loew. Berl. Ent. Ztschr., vol. 8, p. 58. 
Tipula macrolabis is distinctly northern in its distribution. It is 
characteristic fly of northern deciduous woods in June. The followin 
notes were made near the village of Indian Castle, Herkimer County 
New York, on June 13, 1915: 
A small woodland stream with a forest cover of trees such as hemlock, beech, slipper 
elm, and basswood, and a ground cover of false solomon’s seal, wood nettle, wild ginge 
herb robert, touch-me-not, waterleaf, sarsaparilla, and the two abundant ferns maidenhai 
and the bulbous bladder fern. The males of 7. macrolabis were in search of the female 
and fluttered up the tree trunks often to a height of ten or fifteen feet, flying close to th 
ground, around brush heaps, hovering about the leafy ends of branches, and performin 
similar actions in their untiring quest for their mates. They occurred in company wit 
males of 7. fuliginosa and T. valida, which were similarly engaged in searching for the female 
Tipuline No. 1 (possibly Tzpula troquois Alex.) _ 
1863 Tipula cincta Loew. Berl. Ent. Ztschr., vol. 7, p. 288-289, not 7. cincta Gmel 
Syst. Nat., ed. 13, vol. 1, p. 2820 (1792). 
1915 Tipula iroquois Alex. Insec. Inscit. Menst., vol. 3, p. 128. 
The larva discussed below has never been reared and is mentione 
here principally because of its interesting habitat. It is referred t 
Tipula troquots with considerable doubt. 
The larva lives among dense mats of an aquatic moss, a Hypnu 
(Rhynchostegium) of the dilatatum group, in the most rapid-flowin! 
streams. At Coy Glen, Ithaca, New York, these larvae are especiall 
frequent, often living at the brink of falls or rapids in the most rushi 
waters. A study of the structure of the larva reveals numerous sm 
but prominent tubercles, which doubtless assist the insect in clinging 
the moss stems. The gills are large, but no better developed than i 
many aquatic species of the genus that live in much less lotic condition 
The green color and the transverse rows of tubercles on the body give t 
larva a strong resemblance to its mossy habitat. The larvae are ve 
sluggish and crawl but slowly, often appearing quite dead for long perio 
of time. 
