﻿Cabruthees, 
  — 
  Oil 
  some 
  of 
  the 
  Terms 
  used 
  in 
  Political 
  Economy. 
  21 
  

  

  his 
  former 
  determination 
  to 
  invest 
  his 
  wealth. 
  The 
  result 
  of 
  a 
  sudden 
  

   resolve, 
  on 
  the 
  part 
  of 
  one 
  capitalist, 
  to 
  squander, 
  thus 
  appears 
  to 
  be, 
  to 
  

   induce 
  another 
  capitalist 
  to 
  save 
  ; 
  on 
  the 
  other 
  hand, 
  a 
  sudden 
  resolve 
  to 
  

   save 
  would 
  in 
  the 
  same 
  way 
  induce 
  an 
  equal 
  expenditure 
  on 
  the 
  part 
  of 
  

   some 
  one 
  else 
  ; 
  in 
  either 
  case 
  the 
  working 
  classes 
  are 
  not 
  affected. 
  

  

  A 
  resolve, 
  to 
  have 
  influence 
  on 
  the 
  community 
  at 
  large, 
  must 
  have 
  been 
  

   made 
  a 
  year 
  beforehand, 
  when 
  it 
  could 
  influence 
  the 
  future 
  supply 
  of 
  

   commodities. 
  

  

  The 
  word 
  year 
  here 
  means, 
  not 
  a 
  solar, 
  but 
  what 
  may 
  be 
  called 
  a 
  

   manufacturing 
  year 
  ; 
  that 
  is, 
  the 
  time 
  which 
  must 
  elapse 
  before 
  the 
  resolve 
  

   on 
  the 
  part 
  of 
  a 
  capitalist 
  to 
  produce 
  any 
  commodity 
  can 
  bear 
  fruit. 
  In 
  

   the 
  case 
  of 
  grain, 
  wool, 
  cotton, 
  and 
  other 
  important 
  agricultural 
  products 
  

   which 
  form 
  the 
  main 
  wealth 
  of 
  the 
  world, 
  it 
  is 
  equal 
  to 
  a 
  solar 
  year 
  ; 
  

   however 
  much 
  capitalists 
  may 
  wish 
  to 
  increase 
  the 
  total 
  stock 
  of 
  these, 
  

   they 
  cannot 
  do 
  so 
  before 
  next 
  harvest. 
  For 
  most 
  other 
  things 
  the 
  year 
  is 
  

   shorter 
  ; 
  if 
  more 
  iron 
  or 
  coal 
  is 
  wanted 
  than 
  has 
  been 
  produced, 
  more 
  men 
  

   can 
  be 
  employed 
  in 
  producing 
  it, 
  and 
  the 
  stock 
  thus 
  increased 
  pretty 
  

   quickly. 
  There 
  are, 
  however, 
  many 
  practical 
  difficulties 
  in 
  the 
  way 
  of 
  any 
  

   great 
  and 
  sudden 
  increase 
  of 
  the 
  production 
  of 
  any 
  particular 
  commodity, 
  

   and 
  the 
  manufacturing 
  year 
  is, 
  perhaps, 
  on 
  the 
  average 
  not 
  less 
  than 
  the 
  

   solar. 
  

  

  To 
  return 
  to 
  our 
  former 
  illustration 
  : 
  When 
  A 
  resolves 
  to 
  em^^loy 
  

   retainers 
  he 
  can 
  do 
  so 
  at 
  once, 
  because 
  his 
  past 
  resolve, 
  which 
  influenced 
  

   production, 
  gave 
  him 
  the 
  food 
  and 
  other 
  necessaries 
  which 
  he 
  could 
  give 
  to 
  

   the 
  labourers 
  to 
  induce 
  them 
  to 
  wait 
  upon 
  him. 
  B 
  could 
  not 
  at 
  once 
  wear 
  

   velvet, 
  because 
  his 
  past 
  resolve 
  was 
  not 
  that 
  velvet 
  should 
  be 
  produced, 
  but 
  

   that 
  commodities 
  suitable 
  for 
  workmen 
  should 
  be. 
  These 
  were 
  produced 
  in 
  

   obedience 
  to 
  his 
  wish, 
  and 
  he 
  can 
  only 
  turn 
  them 
  into 
  velvet 
  by 
  giving 
  them 
  

   to 
  weavers 
  to 
  induce 
  them 
  to 
  produce 
  the 
  velvet 
  for 
  him. 
  If 
  he 
  does 
  pro- 
  

   cure 
  velvet 
  at 
  once, 
  as 
  Mill 
  supposes, 
  he 
  can 
  only 
  do 
  so 
  by 
  taking 
  from 
  

   some 
  one 
  else 
  the 
  share 
  of 
  it, 
  which 
  he 
  had 
  willed 
  to 
  be 
  produced, 
  and 
  by 
  

   giving 
  him 
  in 
  exchange 
  the 
  commodities 
  stiitable 
  for 
  workmen, 
  and 
  these 
  

   the 
  workmen 
  would 
  in 
  the 
  end 
  receive. 
  

  

  In 
  short, 
  a 
  capitalist 
  expends 
  Ms 
  wealth 
  whenever 
  he 
  gives 
  it 
  to 
  workmen 
  

   to 
  produce 
  any 
  commodity 
  which 
  he 
  will 
  himself 
  consume 
  ; 
  it 
  does 
  not 
  

   matter 
  whether 
  the 
  commodity 
  be 
  capable 
  of 
  accumulation, 
  hke 
  velvet, 
  or 
  

   incapable, 
  like 
  a 
  song 
  or 
  the 
  services 
  of 
  a 
  footman. 
  The 
  expenditure 
  begins 
  

   when 
  the 
  workman 
  begins 
  to 
  labour. 
  

  

  He 
  invests 
  his 
  ivealth 
  in 
  ivages 
  when 
  he 
  gives 
  it 
  to 
  workmen 
  to 
  support 
  

   them 
  while 
  producing 
  commodities 
  which 
  he 
  neither 
  intends 
  to 
  consume 
  

  

  