﻿Thomson, 
  — 
  On 
  the 
  Cleansing 
  of 
  Toims, 
  49 
  

  

  and 
  811 
  cow-houses, 
  with 
  1,860 
  cows. 
  In 
  addition 
  to 
  the 
  factories, 
  the 
  

   refuse 
  is 
  conveyed 
  into 
  the 
  drains. 
  Twenty 
  discharge 
  direct 
  into 
  tlie 
  

   river. 
  The 
  length 
  of 
  the 
  sewers 
  is 
  about 
  100 
  miles. 
  Within 
  the 
  city 
  

   boundary 
  there 
  are 
  at 
  present 
  131^ 
  miles 
  of 
  paved 
  streets, 
  20J 
  miles 
  of 
  

   statute 
  labour 
  roads, 
  and 
  10 
  miles 
  of 
  turnpike 
  roads 
  ; 
  in 
  all 
  162 
  miles. 
  

  

  The 
  estimated 
  volume 
  of 
  discharge 
  into 
  the 
  river 
  daily 
  is 
  40 
  millions 
  of 
  

   gallons, 
  exclusive 
  of 
  rainfall, 
  but 
  including 
  the 
  water 
  of 
  the 
  Molindinar 
  and 
  

   other 
  burns. 
  The 
  total 
  quantity 
  of 
  sewage 
  in 
  wet 
  wea,ther 
  would 
  be 
  about 
  

   74 
  million 
  gallons 
  per 
  day. 
  The 
  water 
  sent 
  into 
  the 
  city 
  and 
  suburban 
  

   villages 
  (from 
  the 
  waterworks) 
  averages 
  33 
  millions 
  of 
  gallons 
  per 
  day. 
  It 
  is 
  

   distributed 
  to 
  a 
  population 
  of 
  710,000, 
  so 
  that 
  the 
  volume 
  of 
  water 
  per 
  head 
  

   was 
  461- 
  gallons 
  a 
  day. 
  

  

  From 
  the 
  conclusions 
  arrived 
  at, 
  as 
  set 
  forth 
  in 
  the 
  report 
  of 
  the 
  

   Deputation, 
  we 
  make 
  the 
  following 
  extracts 
  : 
  The 
  question 
  of 
  conservancy 
  

   of 
  rivers 
  was 
  constantly 
  pressed 
  on 
  then- 
  attention, 
  many 
  of 
  the 
  inland 
  towns 
  

   being 
  compelled, 
  under 
  heavy 
  penalties, 
  to 
  render 
  their 
  sewage 
  clear, 
  in- 
  

   odorous, 
  and 
  perfectly 
  colourless, 
  and 
  sometimes 
  under 
  manifest 
  injustice. 
  

   The 
  necessity 
  of 
  a 
  Conservancy 
  Board 
  to 
  watch 
  over 
  the 
  whole 
  drainage 
  area 
  

   of 
  the 
  various 
  river-basins 
  was 
  constantly 
  dwelt 
  upon 
  by 
  the 
  various 
  authori- 
  

   ties, 
  as 
  the 
  only 
  means 
  of 
  solving 
  the 
  important 
  questions 
  which 
  were 
  so 
  

   intimately 
  connected 
  — 
  the 
  disposal 
  of 
  sewage, 
  and 
  the 
  restoration 
  of 
  rivers 
  

   to 
  a 
  state 
  of 
  purity. 
  The 
  Deputation 
  state 
  as 
  a 
  fact 
  that 
  the 
  sewage 
  question, 
  

   in 
  London 
  even, 
  is 
  only 
  partially 
  solved 
  ; 
  and 
  in 
  reference 
  to 
  the 
  immediate 
  

   subject 
  of 
  their 
  attention, 
  viz., 
  Grlasgow, 
  the 
  Deputation 
  are 
  of 
  opinion 
  that 
  

   no 
  sewage 
  works 
  can 
  safely 
  be 
  undertaken 
  till 
  a 
  Conservancy 
  Board 
  has 
  

   been 
  constituted 
  for 
  the 
  Clyde. 
  They 
  point 
  out 
  at 
  the 
  same 
  time 
  that 
  this 
  

   city, 
  in 
  respect 
  to 
  area 
  for 
  discharge, 
  is 
  fortunately 
  placed, 
  being 
  mto 
  a 
  tidal 
  

   river, 
  as 
  contra-distinguished 
  from 
  many 
  of 
  the 
  inland 
  cities 
  of 
  England, 
  

   whose 
  outfaUs 
  are 
  into 
  sluggish 
  rivers 
  of 
  small 
  capacity. 
  

  

  They 
  point 
  out 
  that 
  it 
  has 
  never 
  yet 
  been 
  shown 
  that 
  the 
  foul 
  condition 
  

   of 
  the 
  Clyde 
  is 
  directly 
  injurious 
  to 
  health; 
  and 
  of 
  the 
  mode 
  of 
  dealing 
  with 
  

   sewage 
  m 
  particular, 
  there 
  are 
  two 
  ways, 
  viz., 
  the 
  dry 
  system, 
  and 
  carriage 
  

   by 
  water 
  ; 
  the 
  iirst 
  being 
  the 
  most 
  rational 
  as 
  well 
  as 
  consistent 
  with 
  pubHc 
  

   health 
  and 
  with 
  national 
  prosperity, 
  which, 
  however, 
  has 
  weak 
  pomts, 
  that 
  

   while 
  it 
  disposes 
  of 
  excreta, 
  it 
  leaves 
  untouched 
  all 
  other 
  sewage 
  which 
  would 
  

   still 
  require 
  to 
  be 
  removed 
  by 
  water-carriage, 
  and 
  be 
  purified 
  of 
  course 
  

   before 
  passing 
  into 
  a 
  river 
  in 
  the 
  same 
  way 
  as 
  if 
  it 
  had 
  contained 
  the 
  whole 
  

   excreta. 
  Wliile, 
  therefore, 
  they 
  hold 
  that 
  upon 
  economical 
  and 
  sanitary 
  

   grounds, 
  water-closets 
  in 
  houses 
  — 
  especially 
  in 
  houses 
  of 
  the 
  smaller 
  sort 
  — 
  

   and 
  in 
  pubhc 
  works, 
  gaols, 
  railway 
  stations, 
  &c., 
  should, 
  as 
  far 
  as 
  possible, 
  be 
  

  

  