﻿^8 
  Transactions. 
  — 
  Miscellaneous. 
  

  

  central 
  track 
  of 
  the 
  river- 
  streams, 
  and 
  acted 
  upon 
  by 
  their 
  scourage, 
  had 
  

   very 
  Httle 
  organic 
  matter." 
  

  

  Again 
  : 
  " 
  The 
  reporters 
  of 
  1858 
  estimated 
  that 
  92,000 
  tons 
  of 
  sohd 
  

   matter 
  of 
  every 
  description 
  were 
  contained 
  in 
  the 
  sewage 
  passing 
  into 
  the 
  

   Thames 
  at 
  that 
  time;" 
  but 
  it 
  is 
  now 
  estimated, 
  from 
  data 
  supphed 
  by 
  

   Glasgow, 
  that 
  '* 
  465,000 
  tons 
  would 
  represent 
  the 
  annual 
  solid 
  matter 
  

   contained 
  in 
  Metropolitan 
  sewage." 
  

  

  Again 
  : 
  " 
  The 
  excreta 
  of 
  each 
  person 
  per 
  day 
  having 
  been 
  found 
  by 
  

   experiment 
  to 
  weigh 
  2^1bs., 
  this, 
  with 
  the 
  population 
  of 
  8,500,000, 
  in 
  

   connection 
  vnth 
  the 
  outfalls, 
  gives 
  3,900 
  tons 
  per 
  day, 
  or 
  1,425,000 
  tons 
  per 
  

   annum 
  as 
  the 
  amount 
  of 
  excreta 
  sent 
  into 
  the 
  river 
  from 
  the 
  outfalls." 
  

  

  Again: 
  It 
  was 
  found 
  by 
  experiment 
  "that 
  matter 
  committed 
  to 
  the 
  

   water 
  of 
  Mid-Thames 
  would 
  move 
  down 
  seaward 
  about 
  five 
  miles 
  in 
  a 
  

   fortnight." 
  

  

  Again: 
  "The 
  daUy 
  discharge 
  from 
  the 
  outfalls 
  has 
  been 
  stated 
  as 
  

   120 
  million 
  gallons 
  or 
  19,246.000 
  cubic 
  feet, 
  so 
  that 
  423,412,000 
  cubic 
  

   feet 
  or 
  22 
  days' 
  discharge, 
  represents 
  the 
  aggregate 
  amount 
  of 
  sewage 
  

   in 
  the 
  oscillating 
  section, 
  being 
  about 
  one-fifth 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  whole 
  contents 
  

   of 
  the 
  river 
  within 
  the 
  same 
  limits 
  below 
  the 
  level 
  of 
  ordinary 
  low-water. 
  

   This 
  vast 
  mass 
  of 
  polluted 
  water 
  — 
  eight 
  miles 
  long, 
  750 
  yards 
  wide, 
  and 
  

   4^ 
  feet 
  deep, 
  charged 
  with 
  offensive 
  matter, 
  both 
  fluid 
  and 
  solid, 
  moves 
  up 
  

   and 
  down 
  the 
  channel 
  four 
  times 
  daily, 
  between 
  Gravesend 
  and 
  near 
  to 
  

   Blackwall, 
  di'opping 
  its 
  solid 
  burden 
  wherever 
  a 
  reduction 
  of 
  the 
  rate 
  of 
  

   current 
  or 
  still 
  water 
  may 
  favour 
  deposit. 
  The 
  purifying 
  change 
  which 
  the 
  

   putrescent 
  matter 
  may 
  be 
  supposed 
  to 
  undergo, 
  after 
  discharging 
  from 
  

   the 
  outfalls, 
  is 
  reserved 
  for 
  future 
  consideration." 
  

  

  Again 
  : 
  In 
  regard 
  to 
  accretion 
  of 
  the 
  sewage 
  in 
  Woolwich 
  Eeach, 
  it 
  is 
  

   stated 
  that 
  there 
  is 
  " 
  a 
  complete 
  identity 
  between 
  accreted 
  matter 
  and 
  that 
  

   in 
  the 
  sewage 
  discharged 
  from 
  the 
  outfalls. 
  There 
  can 
  be 
  little 
  doubt 
  that 
  

   it 
  has 
  been 
  brought 
  from 
  their 
  neighbourhood 
  by 
  the 
  flood-stream. 
  Most 
  

   observers 
  of 
  rivers 
  are 
  aware 
  of 
  the 
  disturbing 
  action 
  of 
  the 
  first 
  portion 
  

   of 
  the 
  flood-set, 
  for, 
  owing 
  to 
  its 
  greater 
  specific 
  gravity, 
  it 
  works 
  its 
  way 
  

   upwards 
  under 
  the 
  last 
  of 
  the 
  ebb- 
  set, 
  and 
  probably 
  obtaining 
  thereby 
  

   a 
  strong 
  rotatory 
  or 
  grinding 
  motion, 
  the 
  surface 
  of 
  the 
  bottom 
  is 
  sufli- 
  

   ciently 
  disturbed 
  to 
  charge 
  the 
  water 
  with 
  its 
  particles." 
  

  

  Again 
  : 
  " 
  Another 
  point 
  which 
  has 
  bearing 
  upon 
  this 
  section 
  of 
  the 
  case 
  

   is, 
  the 
  superior 
  carrying-power 
  of 
  the 
  flood-stream 
  over 
  the 
  ebb 
  ; 
  a 
  fact 
  very 
  

   distinctly 
  brought 
  out 
  in 
  the 
  Analytical 
  Eeturns." 
  

  

  Again 
  : 
  " 
  The 
  amount 
  of 
  solid 
  matter 
  in 
  the 
  flowing-tide 
  at 
  Greenwich 
  

   and 
  London 
  Bridge 
  is 
  nearly 
  21 
  grains 
  per 
  gallon, 
  while 
  that 
  in 
  the 
  ebb-tide 
  

   is 
  only 
  8'2 
  grains." 
  

  

  