﻿Bakstow.— 
  On 
  the 
  Maori 
  Ganoe, 
  75 
  

  

  communicate 
  with 
  the 
  riu, 
  or 
  hold 
  ; 
  one 
  or 
  more 
  of 
  these 
  apertures 
  were 
  

   suppHedwith 
  a 
  tiheru, 
  or 
  bailer, 
  for 
  toughness' 
  sake 
  m.ade 
  oimangiao 
  wood; 
  

   for 
  many 
  a 
  sea 
  in 
  rough 
  weather 
  would 
  break 
  on 
  board, 
  and 
  were 
  it 
  not 
  for 
  

   the 
  caulking 
  (purupurii) 
  with 
  huni, 
  or 
  flower 
  of 
  raupo, 
  a 
  supply 
  of 
  which 
  the 
  

   women 
  had 
  gathered 
  in 
  the 
  swamps, 
  much 
  water 
  would 
  have 
  found 
  its 
  way 
  

   through 
  the 
  joints 
  and 
  holes. 
  The 
  native 
  substitute 
  for 
  oakum 
  is 
  impervious 
  

   to 
  wet 
  when 
  properly 
  applied. 
  

  

  The 
  next 
  process 
  is 
  to 
  paint 
  our 
  vessel 
  ; 
  and 
  for 
  the 
  prevailing 
  red 
  colour 
  

   in 
  fashion, 
  karamea, 
  a 
  species 
  of 
  clay, 
  which 
  needs 
  to 
  be 
  burnt 
  before 
  being 
  

   applied, 
  is 
  most 
  valued. 
  The 
  parts 
  to 
  be 
  coloured 
  are 
  first 
  cleaned, 
  then 
  

   sized 
  with 
  juice 
  of 
  sow 
  thistle 
  and 
  the 
  j^ojmro 
  shrub, 
  after 
  which 
  the 
  karamea, 
  

   mixed 
  with 
  water, 
  is 
  rubbed 
  on 
  ; 
  this 
  yields 
  the 
  most 
  brilliant 
  colour, 
  and 
  

   is 
  very 
  lasting. 
  Kokoivai 
  is 
  a 
  kind 
  of 
  pigment, 
  burnt, 
  dried, 
  and 
  mixed 
  with 
  

   shark-liver 
  oil. 
  This 
  is 
  a 
  good 
  deal 
  darker 
  than 
  the 
  former. 
  

  

  The 
  batten, 
  carved 
  stern, 
  and 
  head, 
  if 
  a 
  ivakataua, 
  are 
  usually 
  blackened 
  

   with 
  powdered 
  charcoal, 
  or 
  lamp-black 
  and 
  oil. 
  The 
  wakatetee 
  has 
  usually 
  

   a 
  red 
  head. 
  On 
  gala 
  days 
  the 
  taka 
  would 
  be 
  adorned 
  with 
  albatross 
  feathers, 
  

   and 
  wreathes 
  of 
  pigeon 
  or 
  wild 
  duck 
  feathers 
  flutter 
  upon 
  the 
  stem 
  and 
  

   stern. 
  

  

  The 
  equipments 
  are 
  still 
  to 
  follow. 
  According 
  to 
  size, 
  sixty 
  to 
  a 
  

   hundred 
  paddles 
  are 
  requisite. 
  One 
  very 
  large 
  canoe, 
  formerly 
  in 
  Taraia's 
  

   possession, 
  could 
  seat 
  140 
  paddlers 
  ; 
  but 
  the 
  hiivi 
  of 
  this 
  was 
  96 
  feet 
  long, 
  

   the 
  projecting 
  stern 
  and 
  stem 
  adding 
  14 
  feet 
  to 
  this 
  huge 
  length. 
  It 
  is 
  said 
  

   that 
  Toki-a-tapiri 
  could 
  stow 
  fifty 
  on 
  each 
  side, 
  steer-paddles, 
  too, 
  which 
  are 
  

   much 
  longer 
  than 
  ordinary 
  ones, 
  and 
  usually 
  with 
  carved 
  handles. 
  

  

  Then 
  the 
  masts 
  (rewa), 
  steps 
  for 
  which 
  have 
  been 
  left 
  when 
  the 
  riu 
  was 
  

   hollowed, 
  with 
  the 
  booms, 
  and 
  cordage, 
  and 
  the 
  queer 
  sails, 
  supposing 
  

   our 
  canoe 
  was 
  made 
  as 
  far 
  back 
  as 
  forty 
  years 
  ago, 
  must 
  not 
  be 
  forgotten. 
  

  

  These 
  last, 
  ere 
  the 
  days 
  of 
  duck 
  or 
  cahco, 
  were 
  made 
  of 
  long 
  leaves 
  

   of 
  the 
  raupo, 
  kept 
  in 
  their 
  places 
  by 
  an 
  interlacing 
  of 
  flax-twine 
  (alio); 
  

   the 
  butt 
  or 
  wide 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  leaf 
  was 
  ui^permost 
  towards 
  the 
  boom, 
  the 
  small 
  

   ends 
  of 
  the 
  leaves 
  converging 
  to 
  a 
  point 
  at 
  the 
  tack, 
  making 
  thus 
  a 
  trian- 
  

   gular 
  sail. 
  Two 
  or 
  three 
  masts 
  were 
  used 
  according 
  to 
  the 
  canoe's 
  length, 
  

   and 
  small 
  as 
  the 
  amount 
  of 
  sail 
  appeared 
  to 
  be, 
  I 
  have 
  seen 
  a 
  great 
  pace 
  

   obtained 
  under 
  raupo 
  alone. 
  

  

  We 
  yet 
  want 
  a 
  plaited 
  flax 
  cable, 
  and 
  an 
  anchor. 
  Of 
  these 
  last 
  there 
  

   were 
  three 
  varieties 
  : 
  an 
  oblong 
  stone, 
  with 
  a 
  hole 
  through 
  the 
  smaller 
  end, 
  

   a 
  stone 
  enmeshed 
  in 
  a 
  netting 
  of 
  flax 
  or 
  vines 
  ; 
  or 
  three 
  or 
  four 
  crooked 
  

   pieces 
  ef 
  j^ohutukawa 
  lashed 
  together 
  with 
  a 
  stone 
  between 
  the 
  shanks 
  and 
  

   the 
  curved 
  points, 
  forming 
  a 
  rude 
  grapnel. 
  

  

  Sometimes, 
  though 
  the 
  hull 
  might 
  be 
  new, 
  the 
  carved 
  portions 
  of 
  worn- 
  

  

  