458 The Philippine Jouryial of Science isis 



Mindanao in the south; and in the Visayas a modified Primitive 

 type similar to the one shown in Plate V, figs. 3 and 4, may be 

 seen. 



The people of Mindanao are largely of four groups : the Moros 

 of the south, the Subanuns of the north, the Bagobos of the 

 Gulf of Davao, and the Bukidnons in the interior. A few Ne- 

 gritos are said to exist in the northeastern part of the island. 

 Photographs of the last two groups are not available, therefore 

 they are omitted necessarily. 



The Subanuns are distinctly Iberian in character as may be 

 seen in Plate V, figs. 5, 6, 7, and 8, and Plate VI, figs. 1 and 2, 

 although mixed and modified Primitive and Australoid types are 

 not altogether absent. The Iberians are unlike those of Luzon, 

 and resemble the Moros from whom they were probably derived 

 in large measure. Therefore, they are of more mixed Iberian 

 type, having come through Arabia and being more recent in 

 origin than the Indian Iberians. However, types similar to those 

 of central Luzon may be seen, and the man of Plate V, fig. 6, 

 is an example. This man resembles an Ilongot of a previous 

 publication, and the two represent an early European migration 

 that came directly through the intervening territory without 

 great mixture on the way. They are not unlike European types 

 that may be seen in the United States. Subanuns, as in Plate 

 VI, figs. 5 and 6, are similar to the Bontoc Igorots of Plate 



1, figs. 6 and 7, although somewhat more Primitive. Types 

 similar to this are found in Benguet, as the men in Plate II, figs. 

 3 and 4 show ; also among the Bagobos, as is shown in Plate VIII, 

 figs. 1 and 2. The ears of these people are mixed Primitive and 

 might be termed the Australoid although simulating the Alpine. 

 This modified Primitive form is a fundamental type of the 

 Islands. The other Bagobo is also a fundamental type of the 

 Islands, and resembles the Benguet Igorot of Plate II, figs. 1 and 



2, the Bagobo of Plate VIII, figs. 3 and 4, and similar types 

 elsewhere. The Igorot is more Primitive than the Bagobo, who 

 is almost typical B. B. B. The square face, head, and ear are 

 unmistakable. 



The Moros are almost all modified Iberian types as may be 

 seen in Plate VII, which portrays only high-class Moros — sul- 

 tans and datos. The sharp nose with high bridge, the long face 

 with pointed chin, and the ear of Iberian types, although some- 

 what modified and resembling the Alpine in Plate VII, figs. 3, 

 4, and 8, signify a derivative origin from Europe. The Moro 



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