vui. D. 6 Bean: Inland Tribes of Luzon and Mindanao 459 



Iberians are different from the Iberians of Luzon, but similar 

 to the Subanun Iberians. Arabian blood in the Moros may ac- 

 count for the difference. Three individuals of Mindanao in 

 Plate IX represent the Bagobo, Subanun, and Moro, respectively, 

 and the three persons are very much alike in physical charac- 

 teristics, which is to be expected of the inhabitants of a single 

 island. 



This glimpse of inland Filipino types serves to impress one 

 with the prevalence of the Iberians, especially among the leading 

 men of the tribes, for it is true that such men are as a rule 

 the ones whose photographs have been taken. The uniformity 

 of distribution of the Iberian is exceeded only by the diversity 

 of type, each gi'oup or tribe having an Iberian form different 

 from the other groups. Thus the Iberian Kalingas and Bontoc 

 Igorots are similar to the Hindu Iberians, the Moros and Su- 

 banuns are similar to the Moors or Arabs, and in the heart 

 of Luzon and Mindanao are types similar to existing European 

 types in America. 



In addition to the Iberian types there are Primitive, modified 

 Primitive, and Australoid types among the inland tribes, as 

 well as those with modified Alpine and modified B. B. B. affin- 

 ities, which represent forms of the Orient that are not of 

 European origin, but have been modified by European types. 



Therefore, it seems to me, from this and previous studies, 

 that the fundamental types, Iberian, Primitive, and Australoid, 

 have entered into the population of the Philippines throughout 

 the Archipelago, and for that reason all the people of the Philip- 

 pines are similar in type. The different islands, and different 

 localities in any one island, have received varying proportions 

 of the three fundamental types — sometimes pure, sometimes 

 mixed with each other — coming from different places, where 

 fusion had already fashioned a modified type; local conditions, 

 endogamy or exogamy, inbreeding or breeding out, and dif- 

 ferences of soil, climate, food, and water have affected the 

 groups in many ways with the result that one tribe dift'ers from 

 another at present, although individual members of the dif- 

 ferent tribes resemble each other. Other European types such 

 as the Alpine and B. B. B. may have entered the Islands from 

 time to time or the modified Alpine and B. B. B. types may 

 be the result of combinations in various ways of the Iberian, 

 Australoid, and Primitive. 



