28 STRONG AND TEAGUE. 



TREATMENT WITH TRYPAN RED AND ARSENIC. 



In 1905, Laveran first suggested a combination of trypan red and arsenious 

 acid in the treatment of trypanosomiasis. He had obtained good results in mice, 

 rats and monkeys. Franke also strongly recommended the use of trypan red and 

 arsenic for this treatment. 



Wendelstadt and Fellner suggested a combination of arsenic and brilliant green 

 and brilliant green and nucleic acid. Magalhaes did not obtain favorable results 

 with sodium arsenate and brilliant green. 



Thomas gave up the combined arsenic and dye treatment because of the 

 nephritis and local necrosis so frequently caused by it, although Breinl and he 

 thought that a combination of arsenic and an improved form of trypan red, if 

 it could be obtained, would seem indicated in the further search for a cure of 

 trypanosomiasis. 



TREATMENT WITH ATOXYL AND MERCURY. 



Moore, Nierenstein and Todd obtained the best results with injections of 

 bichloride of mercury after the parasites had been caused to disappear from the 

 peripheral circulation by treatment with atoxyl. While in small animals the 

 results were favorable, in larger ones the drugs were not sufficient^ efficacious 

 to be of practical value. 



Plimmer and Thomson found that the combination of atoxyl and succinimide of 

 mercury was most successful. In a later communication, however, their results 

 were not so favorable. Where sufficient doses of the compound of mercury were 

 given, chronic lesions of the kidney and liver were observed. 



Moore, Nierenstein and Todd in further experiments with rabbits and 

 donkeys infected with Trypanosoma gabiense, used atoxyl and bichloride of 

 mercury. The outcome of this work was, to use the authors' own words, 

 extremely disappointing. It was found impossible to save a single animal. 

 Of 5 rabbits infected with Trypanosoma orucei and treated in the same way, 

 4 were apparently cured. These authors also performed experiments on dogs, 

 guinea pigs and mice with arsacetin (acetylated atoxyl), followed by bichloride of 

 mercury. They considered treatment with arsacetin followed by a compound of 

 mercury more efficacious than treatment by arsacetin alone, and arsacetin of more 

 value than atoxyl, but believed none of these methods to be of practical value 

 since death invariably occurred. 



These authors also employed combinations of atoxyl-silver nitrate; atoxyl- 

 lead acetate; atoxyl-quinine cacodylate; atoxyl-potassium bichromate; atoxyl- 

 quinine. 



These were found to be valueless. Treatment of mice infected with Trypa- 

 nosoma brucei, with trypan red followed by bichloride of mercury, was superior 

 to trypan red alone, but inferior to the combined treatment with atoxyl and 

 bichloride of mercury. 



Laveran and Thiroux also used a combined treatment with atoxyl and bichloride 

 of mercury on guinea pigs infected with the surra parasite. Their results were 

 not particularly favorable, although better than with the treatment by atoxyl 

 alone. ' 



Uhlenhuth, Hubner and Woithe report that in rats the combined treatment 

 was of considerable value. 



Gray described a thorough trial of the treatment of sleeping sickness with 

 atoxyl and bichloride of mercury. The results obtained were much superior to 

 those with atoxyl alone, but were far from satisfactory. 



