100 AEON AND HOCSON. 



METABOLISM ON A DIET POOR IK PHOSPHORUS WITH AND WITHOUT THE 



ADDITION OF THE ORGANIC PHOSPHORUS COMPOUNDS PRESENT 



IN THE RICE BRAN SEPARATED BY POLISHING. 



NORMAL MAN". 



Following out the above considerations we first undertook a series of 

 metabolism experiments on normal men, in order to determine the intake 

 and outgo of phosphorus and nitrogen of Filipinos kept on the usual 

 diet, which is low in phosphorus, with and without addition of organic 

 phosphorus in the form of rice bran (rice polish) and of phytin itself. 

 We also, finally, because of the above-mentioned reasons, studied the effects 

 of such a diet, with and without the addition of protein. 



For these experiments and for those described later on, we used 

 prisoners in Bilibid Prison, who voluntarily submitted themselves to 

 the changes in diet. We are very much indebted to Doctor Christensen for 

 his kindness in permitting us to use the facilities of Bilibid Hospital 

 and Dr. Pineda for his kind help in the observations. The conditions 

 there existing for carrying on metabolism experiments are very good, and 

 the persons under observation could be kept without any trouble under 

 lock and key, in a quarantine room with cement floor and walls, furnished 

 with only a bed and small table. A chemical balance and the apparatus 

 for collecting urine and feces were added. 



Two normal men were used as subjects for experiment. No. 1 had 

 undergone an operation for hernia three weeks before he subjected 

 himself to the feeding experiments, but had fully recovered. A com- 

 parative study was made with a diet not as rich in phosphorus as is 

 usual and with the same diet to which rice bran from polishing had been 

 added. At first we endeavored to feed the man almost entirely on rice, 

 allowing, in the first and second periods, sugar, salt, and coffee as the 

 only additional foodstuffs. However, he rejected his food several times 

 and asked for some fish and other things. Therefore it was necessary 

 to interrupt the experiment at this point and to give a diet of rice, 

 bread, sugar, coffee, and fish. Bread in reality is not a typical con- 

 stituent of the diet of Filipinos, but we used it because it does not require 

 cooking and therefore simplifies the preparation of the experimental 

 diet. It must also be noted that the bread was white, made of wheat 

 flour and water after the usual manner, and low in phosphorus and 

 protein, but rich in carbohydrates. In this respect it is very similar 

 to highly polished rice. 



The rice was of the white variety, but only slightly polished; the fish was 

 one of the larger native species, half -dried and smoked; the bones were care- 

 fully removed and the remainder cut into small slices. These pieces were 

 thoroughly mixed, to secure average samples, and 8 portions of 40 grams each 

 were weighed out and kept on ice. A sample was at the same time taken for 



