INTESTINAL PARASITES. 271 



these places may possibly be due to the importation of European cattle 

 by the Compafiia Tabacalera. We did not find a single case of infection 

 with Tcenia solium among the natives. Only one instance of the infec- 

 tion was encountered in a Spaniard in Cabagan, Cagayan, and this has 

 not been recorded. 



HYMENOLEPIS. 



The previous reports on Hymenolepis have been meager. Garrison " 

 found five infections in his Bilibid cases. The Taytay field party does not 

 record a single case. 15 However,, in Tuguegarao we found 0.26 per cent 

 infected in adults and 0.46 per cent in children; in Santa Isabel, 1.73 

 per cent in children and 0.36 per cent in adult males. The majority of 

 the cases had no clinical manifestations of disease, a few showed diar- 

 rhoea with mucus. 



FLUKES. 



Thus far in our work in these provinces we have found no flukes, 

 either in the blood or sputum examined. 



SUMMARY. 



The result of ou*r work is in accord with that of other authors regard- 

 ing the almost universal infection of the whole population of the Philip- 

 pine Islands with intestinal parasites. 



The chief infections in the districts covered by this report are from 

 Ascaris and Trichuris, and their distribution is rather uniform, although 

 in Santa Isabel the percentage of'infection with Trichuris fell very low. 



The distribution of the hookworm varies, Santa Isabel showing the 

 highest percentage ever recorded in the Islands. Males were more affected 

 than females. The percentage of hookworm infection does not appear 

 to be affected by the nature of the soil on which the people live. 



The distribution of Amoeba shows still greater variation. In and 

 around Manila the percentage of infection is higher, but in the Cagayan 

 Valley it is rather low. 



Infection with Hymenolepis, while not found in Cavite and Rizal 

 Provinces, is rather frequent in the Cagayan Valley. Children are mainly 

 infected. 



Tapeworms are also more frequent in Cagayan and Isabela than in 

 Cavite and Bizal. 



The parasite known as the worm of Cochin-China diarrhcea, or 

 Strongyloides intestinalis, was not found in Cagayan and Isabela, whereas 

 it was quite frequently encountered in Cavite and Rizal. 



"Ibid. (1908), 3, 205. 

 "Ibid. (1909), 4, 257. 



