346 DISCUSSION. 



the usual work in accordance with the instructions of Eoss, mosquitoes 

 disappeared and along with the malaria. Quinine, which formerly was 

 employed by ounces per week, was no longer necessary. This is a 

 typical case of success following upon the destruction of the breeding 

 grounds of the Anopheles. 



Being compelled to change the site of the quarantine station, another 

 island was chosen, Koh Pha. Upon landing upon this island for the 

 purpose of determining the suitability of it for a quarantine station;, a 

 small marsh was found teeming with Anopheles of a very virulent nature. 

 Nevertheless, this island was fixed upon for the location of the station, 

 buildings were erected for the staff and coolies, and, although fever was 

 common at first even under the influences of prophylactic doses of 

 quinine, the results of antimalarial methods soon became evident. How- 

 ever, while the police and the general staff of servants, etc., began to 

 show freedom. from malaria, the medical officer, his wife and family 

 continued to suffer severely from fever. Being certain that there was 

 a flaw somewhere, I visited the station, and after a careful inspection 

 of the whole station discovered a water jar at one corner of the medical 

 officer's house, half full of water and teeming with Anopheles larvae. 

 These were destroyed and now that medical officer's successor and his 

 wife and children enjoy excellent health. 



Dr. Henry Page, major, Medical Corps, United States Army, Manila, 

 P. I. — I understand from the Spanish records that the post of Parang 

 in Mindanao was considered one of the most deadly in the Philippine 

 Islands. At the present time there is practically no malaria there and 

 very few mosquitoes. After the post itself was almost entirely free 

 from malaria, a marsh was found near the last barracks which appeared 

 to have an influence upon malaria, so we finally had it drained. The 

 result was, the soldiers testified that whereas before they never were able 

 to sleep atxall because of the mosquitoes, they now never see a mosquito. 



At another part of the post where the people were complaining of 

 the mosquitoes, I had banana trees and ornamental shrubs cut away 

 and thus rid the fort of mosquitoes. The point emphasized is that a 

 marsh several hundred yards from the post supplied a bountiful crop of 

 mosquitoes, even though the prevailing winds blew from the post toward 

 the marsh; and, second, that banana plants can breed mosquitoes in a 

 country where frequent, gentle showers and heavy dews fill up the cup 

 between the stalk and its junction with the leaf. 



Just a word as to prophylaxis in the field in regard to the protection 

 of the men from mosquito bites when asleep under their nets when the 

 arms and feet usually were thrown against the net offering opportunities 

 of exposure to the insect, I requested soldiers to put their beds together 

 in pairs with the sides of their individual nets tied close together. By 

 doing this, they were able to escape from the unprotected sides of their 



