HYDROPHOBIA IN THE PHILIPPINES. 459 



(&) by carrying the virus from the brain of that case through three 

 passages in rabbits, the rabbits of the third passage dying of typical 

 experimental rabies in about two weeks; (c) by demonstrating the presence 

 of Negri bodies and Lentz passage bodies in the brain tissue of three 

 rabbits up to the third passage. 



3. "We have succeeded in bringing a fixed virus from Saigon to Manila 

 in animals and also in neutral glycerine in a refrigerator. The virus 

 brought in both ways has retained its full virulence since its arrival 

 here. "By means of this work it has therefore been made possible to 

 carry on protective inoculation against rabies in Manila. 



Note. — Ashburn and Craig reported in' the Military Surgeon, June, 1907, vol. 

 21, p. 529, as follows: 



"Rabies. — On the 7th of June we obtained from the land transportation 

 corral, quartermaster's department, Manila, the body of a dog thought to be dead 

 of rabies. The animal had been under observation during the entire period of its 

 illness and the symptoms and history both indicated that it was suffering from the 

 disease mentioned. Examinations of smears from its brain, according to the 

 method spoken of as affording 'a rapid diagnosis of rabies' showed bodies 

 corresponding in form, size, and staining reaction with the description of Negri 

 bodies. Cerebral inoculation of three rabbits with the same brain substance, 

 however, lias failed to induce in any one of them any symptoms of rabies or of 

 other disease." 



In their quarterly report ending September 30, 1907; to the Surgeon-General, 

 United States Army, they further state: 



"In our last quarterly report we recorded some observations on the examination 

 of the brain of a supposedly rabid dog. The brain showed bodies indistinguishable 

 from 'Negri bodies' and, as intracerebral inoculation of four rabbits had not 

 induced the disease in them after a period of twenty-three days, we concluded that 

 the bodies were probably not Negri bodies, or, if so, that they were not necessarily 

 indicative of rabies. Since that time, however, all four rabbits have died of the 

 disease, and, by the passage through other animals. Doctor Ohno has somewhat 

 increased the strength of the virus and lowered the period of incubation. 



"Our observations in this one case, therefore, go to emphasize the diagnostic 

 value of the Negri bodies, rather than to belittle it." 



It will be noted that the dates on which the rabbits were taken ill and died 

 are not given. Nothing is said about the microscopical examination of the 

 brains of these rabbits. In any event the rabbits died some time after the 

 twenty-third day and for this reason alone Ashburn and Craig were in all 

 probability not dealing with true rabies. In the work here all of our rabbits 

 developed the disease between the twelfth and seventeenth day (most of 

 them on the fifteenth day). None died later than the twentieth day. If Ashburn 

 and Craig had been dealing with rabies, some of their rabbits would certainly 

 have shown illness before the twenty-third day. 



Doctor Ohno in a report to the Director of the Bureau of Science, dated 

 July 9, 1907, evidently referring to these same experiments (however, only 

 accounting for three of the four rabbits), states that three rabbits were in- 

 oculated on June S. One developed "slightly typical symptoms" on June 29, 

 twenty-one days after inoculation. He does not state whether this rabbit died 

 or was killed. The second rabbit developed "slight symptoms" on June 30 



