506 CHAMBERLAIN, BLOOMBERGH, AND KILBOURNE. 



being modified by high altitude. The country is nigged, mountainous 

 and well watered, with the rivers for the most part winding in deep gorges 

 and canons. It is practically devoid of lakes. The Igorots live at 

 altitudes ranging from about 600 to 2,400 meters above the sea level. 

 The Baguio plateau, where the summer capital of the Philippines is 

 situated, has an elevation of about 1,500 meters. The mountains around 

 Baguio are moderately wooded, the forests being of pine and in large part 

 free from underbrush, but in some portions of the mountain provinces 

 the character of the forests is more tropical. 



The rainfall in this section of -Luzon is very great, being heaviest in 

 July, August, and September. The mean annual fall over a period of 

 eight years at Baguio was 371.1 centimeters. Baler in Luzon, Capiz in 

 Panay, and Cherra Poonjee, a hill station in India, are the only places 

 in the world with higher recorded rainfall. The warmest month is 

 May and the coldest February. The highest recorded temperature at 

 the Mirador Observatory in Baguio for eight years (1900-1908) was 

 29.3° C. and the lowest 3° C, while the mean maximum for May was 

 25.0° C. and mean minimum for February 7.5° C. These temperatures 

 were taken about 3 meters above the earth. On the ground, as a result 

 of nocturnal cooling or terrestrial radiation, the temperature occasionally 

 falls low enough to congeal water in small puddles. 



PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE IGOROTS. 



The Benguet Igorots are a people of low or medium stature. Bean 

 found the average height of 101 adult males to be 151 centimeters, and 

 of ten adult females to be 146.7 centimeters. ( 2 ) The male is well built, 

 rarely corpulent, and his symmetrical muscular development is remark- 

 able, especially in the lower extremities. The legs of the- female are 

 both absolutely and relatively shorter than those of the male and the 

 muscular development of the lower extremities so great as to cause them 

 to appear clumsy. Deformities of the feet in both sexes are very 

 common, especially an inward spreading of the great toe. In their 

 physical development the Igorots contrast sharply with the poorly 

 nourished and slightly built Negritos. Among the Igorots the men and 

 women are upon a nearly equal footing and both act as field laborers and 

 as cargadores (carriers) over the steep mountain trails. Men and women 

 both age rapidly, especially the latter, who are shrunken and wrinkled 

 hags when 40 to 45 years old. 



The complexion of the Igorots is brown, of varying shades, sometimes 

 appearing like bronze, and many of them resemble closely in appearance 

 the American Indian. The hair is black, coarse and straight, rarely 

 having a slight waviness. The Igorot is not cleanly either in habitation, 

 person or clothing, in these last two respects contrasting unfavorably 

 with many of the other Filipino tribes. 



