EXAMINATIONS OF STOOLS AND BLOOD. 



509 



There are no data to show how many of the entire 183 patients examined 

 showed no parasites of any kind. 



We do not know the individual age or sex of the 183 Igorots recorded at the 

 Civil Hospital, but we are informed that 100 of them were school children under 

 15 years of age. The result of the examination of these 100 children is reported 

 by Bowman in the Bulletin of the Manila Medical Society for April, 1910.(7) He 

 found 56 per cent infected with some parasite, distributed as follows: Ascaris litin- 

 bricoides, 23 per cent; Trichocephalus clispar, 30 per cent; Oxyuris vermicularis, 

 13 per cent; Agchylostomum duodenale, 32 per cent; Twnia saginata, 2 per cent. 

 This we take to mean that 32 per cent of the 56 infected school children were 

 harboring hookworms, which would give 18 per cent of infection with uncinaria 

 out of the whole series of 100 examined. 



Comparing our finding with those at the Civil Hospital and with 

 Bowman's results in children alone the following points are of interest : 



1. We found a much higher percentage of vermicular infections, 

 174 per cent as against 100 per cent at the Civil Hospital. 



2. We found 92.5 per cent of the men examined to be infected with 

 some parasite, while Bowman encountered only 56 per cent of the school 

 children infected. The percentage for the Civil Hospital is not known. 



3. The difference in percentage between our findings and those by Bow- 

 man and at the Civil Hospital is due mainly to the fact that we en- 

 countered a very much greater number of infections with Ascaris, Tri- 

 chocephalus and Taenia, as is shown graphically in the table. 



4. The percentage of infections with uncinaria are the same in our 

 series of adult males and in the combined Civil Hospital statistics, 29 

 per cent in each instance, but this is a much larger rate than was found 

 among Bowman's school children, who gave 18 per cent. 



This last difference is in line with observations made elsewhere in 

 the Philippines. At Bilibid Prison and in Scout companies the rates 

 of hookworm infection found among adult males has exceeded 50 per 

 cent, while among 9,885 members of general population in Luzon exa- 

 mined by the Bureau of Health the infection rate has ranged from 11.1 

 to 16.1 per cent. In the general population when the statistics have been 

 divided according to age and sex, the infection rate has been found highest 

 in adult males, lower in women and lowest in children, as shown in 

 the following table: 



Table III. — Shows percentages of hookworm infection among males, females, and 



children in Luzon. 



Place. 



Number 

 exam- 

 ined. 



Per cent infected. 



Males. 



Fe- 

 males. 



Chil- 

 dren. 



Taytay 



1,000 

 6,000 

 2,500 



•17.2 

 24.0 

 21.0 



6.6 

 8.0 

 9.0 



4.5 

 2.0 









a For adult males the rate was 22.8 per cent. 



4. The percentage of infections with uncinaria are the same in our 



