﻿208 EVELAND. 



INTRODUCTORY. 



Benguet and some portions of adjacent northern Luzon have been 

 visited and explored by numerous scientists and travelers and in addi- 

 tion to the interest which the region and its inhabitants have aroused, 

 the undoubted occurrence of gold, apparently in considerable quantity 

 throughout the region, has increased the desire for more knowledge of 

 this part of the Philippine Islands. 



Almost since the day when Spain released the Islands to the United 

 States, prospecting and development of the mineral resources of the 

 country has gone on and confidence in its value has steadily increased. 

 With that confidence, active operations have gradually expanded and at 

 this date, the mineral Avealth of the Philippines seems to be assured. The 

 Benguet district in particular may be ranked as one of the most promising 

 of the Islands. 



The investigation of which this report is the result was begun by 

 me in April, 1905, and attention was first turned to a topographic map 

 of as much territory as seemed to be under immediate development. 

 Mapping was carried on over the area covered by mineral claims and 

 this ground was extended also to take in that area in which the study 

 of the geologic and related problems would seem to have a bearing on 

 the purely economic questions involved. With the assistance of one 

 x^merican and occasionally a few Igorots, the map work was completed 

 by the beginning of the rainy season in June. The area embraces about 

 100 square miles including, in addition to the work of the writer, a 

 survey of the Bued Eiver canon, made hy Major L. W. V. Kennon, 

 United States Army, when he was in charge of the construction of the 

 Benguet road; and a topographic survey of the immediate vicinity of 

 Baguio by Mr. G. TI. Guerdrum, assistant engineer of the Bureau of 

 Public Works, in charge of Baguio surveys. 



Stadia, work with a transit based on a system of triangulation of the 

 most prominent points and checked by traverses and rapid reconnaissance 

 methods such as were consistent with the accuracy required, were em- 

 ployed to accomplish the work in as short a time as possible. The map, 

 which is published with the report, includes the region between Mount 

 Santo Tomas on the west and the limit of mining or prospecting opera- 

 tions on the east; from near Trinidad on the north to a little south of 

 Kias or "Camp Four" of the Benguet road on the south. In November, 

 1905, the field work was resumed and the investigation of the geology 

 and mines taken up during a field season of four months. 



The latter work, which I carried out alone, only using native labor in 

 transporting specimens, etc., was undertaken first with headquarters at 



