﻿/y^ 



220 EVELAND. 



a now deserted wind gap to the north, has barely sufficient gradient to 

 join the Pakdal drainage to the east of Baguio, where a small, well-defined 

 valley, with slopes and a gradient out of all proportion to the remainder 

 of the drainage back of it, joins with a second flattened area north of 

 Baguio. From this it finally escapes into the Trinidad Biver. 



The headwaters of the Pakdal are merely rivulets which follow such 

 valleys as they have themselves been able to cut during the seasonal rains, 

 aud in many instances the shifting of the local divide for a few feet has 

 resulted in the capture of adjacent streams and the abandonment of the 

 older channels. 



The Pias Valley is more marked and although it is relatively of small 

 size, it has rounded out a fairly mature existence before it drops off into 

 the Bued Biver channel west of Laoacan. At Laoacan another old valley, 

 now devoted to the cultivation of rice and which has a small stream 

 flowing through it, is evidently a relic of the former drainage of the 

 region. This valley is mature and almost devoid of running water; at 

 its mouth it drops off through a declivity of almost a thousand feet to 

 the valley of the Bued Biver. 



The drainage of the whole plateau is striking in that in itself it ex- 

 hibits every evidence of maturity and that only the corrasion of the near 

 and the more powerful superimposed drainage has thrown it into relief, 

 at an elevation of 5,000 feet and over. 



THE INTERMEDIATE UPLANDS. 



The intermediate uplands are represented by the drainage of the Bued 

 and Agno Biver tributaries. The elevation of these regions ranges from 

 2,500 to 4,500 feet, and as they are evidently confined to one period, they 

 are normal in every particular ; with the valleys of the Antamok, Batuaan 

 and Gold Bivers and their total drainage area, the intermediate uplands 

 and the valleys they constitute one region, all lying to the east of the 

 Baguio-Kias Bidge. A comprehensive view of the region from either the 

 Pakdal or Kias elevation shows that the central valley, namely that of the 

 Gold Biver, is the more mature. The Antamok and Batuaan streams 

 have confined their work to the cutting of steep-walled valleys with few 

 lateral tributaries; their slopes are steep, with a gradient generally of over 

 30°, and both streams maintain a fairly direct course. Their headwaters 

 are basin-like in character and in these situations erosion is pronounced. 

 The Gold Biver has been widened to a greater extent by lateral tributaries, 

 and it presents a valley broad enough and sufficiently graded to support 

 several small villages with their attendant industries, agriculture and 

 the raising of cattle. 



