﻿440 RICHMOND AND VIYENCIO DEL ROSARIO. 



edible products. Formerly, and more particularly in temperate climates, 

 animal fats and oils, such as lard, suet, butter fat, etc., were almost 

 exclusively employed, but within comparatively recent times vegetable oils 

 and fats have come into more general use for the above purposes. In 

 some cases a taste for the new products must be created before they are 

 generally adopted, but there seems to be no question as to the ease with 

 which they are digested or as to their relative nutrient value. 



The second use of oils is for illumination ; that is, for burning in lamps 

 and for candle making. Excepting in remote places where petroleum 

 products are excluded because of their greater cost, the introduction of 

 hydrocarbon oils for illumination and fuel has practically superseded 

 the use of those from vegetable or animal fats. According to Tavera 2 

 a great variety of vegetable oils is used throughout India and the Phil- 

 ippines for lighting purposes, and the latter observation may be con- 

 firmed by anyone traveling in the provinces of the Philippines. 



The third great application of oils is for soap manufacture. Most 

 vegetable oils are well adapted to this purpose and have long been 

 employed in the soap industry. Those most largely used are palm-nut, 

 coconut, olive, cotton-seed, linseed and castor oils. 



The fourth use is for the manufacture of paints, varnishes, linoleum, 

 printers' inks, etc., and for this purpose linseed, certain nut oils, and 

 Chinese wood oil (tiing oil) are employed. 



Fifthly, there are miscellaneous applications in the arts and trades, 

 these include lubricants, leather, cloth and textile dressings, employment 

 in textile dyeing and in making printing inks, in the manufacture of 

 perfumes, sealing wax, fly paper and other minor articles. 



A partial list of Philippine oil seeds.* 



Botanical name. English name. Local name. 



1. Aleurites moluccana Willd. 



trisperma Blanco . 



2. Calophyllum inophyllum L. 



Candle nut Lumbang or lumbang bato (T.). 



Lumbang banucalag (T.). 



Palomariade laplaya (Sp.); dinka- 



lan (T.); bitaog (V.). 



waMickianum PI. j j Palo maria del monte (Sp.); bitan- 



etTr. hoi (T.). 



3. Ceibapentandra (L) Gaertn j Tree cotton Kapok (D.);boboy (T.); doldol k V.). 



4. Entada scandens (LI Benth Gilla nuts Gogo (T.); balogo (P. and V.). 



5. Pongamia glabra Vent, Balik-balik (T.); butog (V.). 



t>. Anacardium occidentals L ! Cashew nut Kasuy (T.). 



7. Caesalpinia bonducella (L.) Fever nut; bonduc Kalambibit (T.); dalugdug (V.). 



Flem. seeds (Indo-Eng.). 



8. Jatropha citrca* L. Physic nut; curcusoiL Tuba (T.); kasla (V.); taiigantarig- 



9. Scsamum indicwm L. 

 10. Ricinus communis L. 



an (P.). 



Sesame Linga (T.); loga (V.); lagos (P.). 



Castor bean Tangantarigan (P. and T.). 



: Medicinal Plants of the Philippines, Manila (1901). 

 T.=Tagalog; Sp. = Spanish; V.rrVisayan; P.=Pampanga; D.=Dutch. 



