56 Proceedings. 



equatorial calms were south of the equator in glacial times, 

 with the result of transferring the great body of warm water, 

 which is moved by the trades, into the southern hemisphere, 

 and thus cooling down the northern hemisphere until it 

 became glaciated. 



A discussion ensued, in which the President, Dr. 

 Schuster, and Mr. C. N. Adams took part, and general 

 agreement with these views was expressed. 



Professor Schuster, F.R.S., communicated a paper by 

 Mr. Charles H. Lees, M.Sc, in which the method of some 

 experiments undertaken for the purpose of finding a prac- 

 tical method for calculating the rate of loss of heat from a 

 bar of a given shape, left to itself to cool in air, was 

 described. 



Mr.W. W. HALDANE Gee, B.Sc, exhibited and described 

 two forms of apparatus which he had designed for determin- 

 ing the viscosity of liquids. The determination of viscosity, 

 or fluid friction, is a matter of importance to the engineer in 

 connection with the lubricating value of different oils. It 

 has also become of great interest to the electrician since a 

 connection has been discovered between electrical resist- 

 ance and viscosity. The apparatus shown by Mr. Gee was 

 specially designed with a view to further measurements. 

 The literature of the subject seems to have largely escaped 

 notice in this country. It is much more extensive than has 

 been supposed, and Mr. Gee, therefore, presented a biblio- 

 graphy which he had compiled. 



